Gingival Bleeding

Gingival bleeding refers to the bleeding that occurs from the gums (gingiva) surrounding the teeth. It is a common symptom of various oral health conditions.

Causes of Gingival Bleeding

• Plaque and Tartar Buildup: The accumulation of plaque and tartar on teeth can lead to inflammation of the gums, causing them to bleed easily.
• Gingivitis: This is a mild form of gum disease characterized by red, swollen, and bleeding gums. It is often caused by poor oral hygiene.
• Periodontitis: A more severe form of gum disease that can cause the gums to pull away from the teeth, leading to deep pockets that can bleed easily.
• Vitamin Deficiencies: Lack of vitamins such as C and K can affect blood clotting and lead to bleeding gums.
• Hormonal Changes: Fluctuations in hormone levels during pregnancy, menstruation, or menopause can cause changes in the gums, making them more susceptible to bleeding.
• Medications: Certain medications, such as anticoagulants (blood thinners), can increase the risk of gingival bleeding.
• Dental Procedures: Bleeding can occur after dental procedures like brushing, flossing, or dental surgery, especially if the gums are inflamed or irritated.

Risk Factors for Gingival Bleeding

• Poor oral hygiene
• Smoking and tobacco use
• Diabetes
• Pregnancy
• Aging
• Genetic predisposition to gum disease

Symptoms Associated with Gingival Bleeding

• Bleeding while brushing or flossing teeth
• Red, swollen, and tender gums
• Bad breath (halitosis)
• Receding gums
• Pus between the teeth and gums
• Loose teeth

Treatment and Prevention of Gingival Bleeding

• Good Oral Hygiene: Regular brushing, flossing, and dental check-ups can help prevent gingivitis and periodontitis.
• Professional Dental Cleaning: Removing plaque and tartar from teeth can help reduce inflammation and bleeding.
• Antibacterial Mouthwashes: Using mouthwashes that contain antibacterial ingredients, such as chlorhexidine, can help reduce gum inflammation.
• Gingival Grafting: Surgical procedure to repair damaged gums and cover exposed roots.
• Periodontal Therapy: Treatment of periodontitis may involve deep cleaning, antibiotics, or surgery.

Complications of Untreated Gingival Bleeding

• Spread of infection to other parts of the body
• Loss of teeth and surrounding bone
• Increased risk of heart disease, diabetes, and respiratory infections