Wide Local Excision

A wide local excision is a surgical procedure used to remove a tumor or a cancerous lesion, along with a margin of healthy tissue surrounding it. The goal of this procedure is to eliminate the cancer cells and prevent them from spreading to other parts of the body.

Indications

A wide local excision is typically performed for:

• Early-stage skin cancers, such as melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, or squamous cell carcinoma
• Benign tumors, such as lipomas or cysts
• Precancerous lesions, such as actinic keratoses or dysplastic nevi

Procedure

The procedure involves the following steps:

1. The area around the tumor is cleaned and disinfected
2. A local anesthetic is administered to numb the area
3. An incision is made around the tumor, with a margin of healthy tissue included
4. The tumor and surrounding tissue are carefully removed
5. The wound is closed with sutures or staples

Types of Wide Local Excision

There are several types of wide local excision, including:

• Surgical excision biopsy: A diagnostic procedure where a tumor is removed and sent to a laboratory for examination
• Therapeutic excision: A treatment procedure where a tumor is removed to cure or manage the disease
• Mohs surgery: A specialized type of wide local excision used for skin cancers, where the tumor is removed layer by layer and examined under a microscope during the procedure

Benefits and Risks

The benefits of a wide local excision include:

• High success rate in removing cancer cells
• Minimally invasive procedure with relatively quick recovery time
• Can be performed under local anesthesia, reducing the risk of complications

The risks and potential complications include:

• Bleeding or hematoma at the surgical site
• Infection or wound complications
• Scarring or changes in skin sensation
• Recurrence of the tumor or cancer

Recovery and Follow-up

After a wide local excision, patients can expect:

• A follow-up appointment to remove sutures or staples
• Wound care instructions to promote healing and prevent infection
• Pain management with over-the-counter medications or prescription painkillers
• Regular check-ups to monitor for signs of recurrence or new tumors

Conclusion

A wide local excision is a common and effective surgical procedure used to treat various types of tumors and cancers. While it carries some risks and potential complications, the benefits of this procedure make it a valuable treatment option for many patients.