Skipped Heartbeats

Skipped heartbeats, also known as palpitations, are a common symptom where an individual feels like their heart is skipping a beat or beating irregularly. This sensation can be caused by a variety of factors, ranging from harmless to potentially serious.

Causes

• Benign causes: Stress, anxiety, caffeine, nicotine, and certain medications can cause skipped heartbeats.
• Cardiac conditions: Atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia, and premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are types of arrhythmias that can lead to skipped heartbeats.
• Electrolyte imbalances: Abnormal levels of potassium, magnesium, or calcium in the blood can disrupt heart rhythm, leading to skipped beats.
• Hormonal changes: Hormonal fluctuations during menopause, pregnancy, or thyroid disorders can contribute to palpitations.

Symptoms

In addition to feeling like their heart is skipping a beat, individuals may experience other symptoms such as:

• Chest discomfort or pain
• Shortness of breath
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Fatigue
• Anxiety or stress

Diagnosis

To diagnose the cause of skipped heartbeats, a healthcare professional may perform the following tests:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG): Measures the electrical activity of the heart.
• Holter monitor: A portable device that records the heart's rhythm over a 24-hour period.
• Echocardiogram: Uses sound waves to create images of the heart and its blood vessels.
• Blood tests: To check for electrolyte imbalances, hormonal changes, or other underlying conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for skipped heartbeats depends on the underlying cause. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary, while in others, medication, lifestyle changes, or medical procedures may be required.

• Lifestyle modifications: Reducing stress, avoiding caffeine and nicotine, and getting regular exercise can help alleviate symptoms.
• Medications: Beta blockers, anti-arrhythmic medications, or other prescription drugs may be prescribed to regulate heart rhythm.
• Cardioversion: A medical procedure that uses electrical shocks to restore a normal heart rhythm.

When to Seek Medical Attention

If an individual experiences any of the following, they should seek immediate medical attention:

• Chest pain or discomfort that lasts for more than a few minutes
• Severe shortness of breath
• Dizziness or lightheadedness that leads to fainting
• Rapid or irregular heartbeat that lasts for an extended period