Low Body Temperature

Low body temperature, also known as hypothermia, is a condition where the body's core temperature drops below 95°F (35°C). Normal body temperature ranges from 97.7°F to 99.5°F (36.5°C to 37.5°C).

Causes

• Exposure to cold environments, such as cold water or air
• Inadequate clothing or shelter in cold weather
• Medical conditions, such as hypothyroidism, diabetes, or neurological disorders
• Certain medications, such as sedatives or antidepressants
• Aging, as older adults may have a harder time regulating their body temperature
• Malnutrition or starvation, which can affect the body's ability to generate heat

Symptoms

• Shivering or trembling
• Confusion or disorientation
• Drowsiness or lethargy
• Slurred speech or difficulty speaking
• Weakness or fatigue
• Numbness or tingling in extremities
• Pale or blue-tinged skin

Stages of Hypothermia

• Mild hypothermia (90°F to 95°F or 32°C to 35°C): shivering, confusion, and mild symptoms
• Moderate hypothermia (82°F to 90°F or 28°C to 32°C): increased confusion, slurred speech, and decreased coordination
• Severe hypothermia (below 82°F or 28°C): loss of consciousness, rigid muscles, and decreased vital signs

Treatment

• Move the person to a warm environment
• Remove wet clothing and provide dry, warm clothing
• Use blankets or warm bedding to help increase body temperature
• Provide warm liquids, such as tea or broth, to help increase body temperature
• Avoid direct heat, such as heating pads or hot water bottles, which can cause burns
• Seek medical attention if symptoms worsen or if the person is unconscious

Prevention

• Dress warmly in cold weather
• Avoid exposure to cold environments
• Stay dry and avoid wet clothing
• Use proper gear, such as hats and gloves, when engaging in outdoor activities in cold weather
• Check on vulnerable individuals, such as older adults or young children, during cold weather