Hematospermia

Hematospermia is a medical condition characterized by the presence of blood in the semen. It is also known as hemospermia or hematosperm.

Causes

• Inflammation or infection of the prostate gland (prostatitis)
• Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland
• Prostate cancer
• Seminal vesiculitis, inflammation of the seminal vesicles
• Epididymitis, inflammation of the epididymis, a tube that stores and transports sperm
• Urethritis, inflammation of the urethra
• Trauma to the genital area
• Certain medications, such as anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents

Symptoms

• Presence of blood in the semen, which may appear pink, red, or brown
• Painful ejaculation
• Pain or discomfort in the genital area
• Frequent or painful urination
• Discharge or bleeding from the urethra

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of hematospermia typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests, including:

• Urinalysis to check for blood in the urine
• Semen analysis to examine the semen for blood and other abnormalities
• Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test to screen for prostate cancer
• Ultrasound or other imaging tests to evaluate the prostate gland and seminal vesicles

Treatment

Treatment of hematospermia depends on the underlying cause. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary, and the condition may resolve on its own. However, if an underlying condition is found, treatment may include:

• Antibiotics to treat infections such as prostatitis or epididymitis
• Pain relief medications to manage pain and discomfort
• Hormonal therapies to treat conditions such as BPH
• Surgery to remove blockages or tumors in the genital area

Prognosis

In most cases, hematospermia is a temporary and harmless condition that resolves on its own. However, if an underlying condition is found, treatment can help alleviate symptoms and prevent complications.