Flexible Cystoscopy (Female)

A flexible cystoscopy is a medical procedure used to visually examine the inside of the bladder and urethra. In females, this procedure is performed using a flexible tube with a camera and light on the end, which is inserted through the urethra and into the bladder.

Indications

• Investigation of hematuria (blood in the urine)
• Diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs) or interstitial cystitis
• Examination of the bladder and urethra for tumors, stones, or other abnormalities
• Removal of small bladder stones or foreign bodies
• Biopsy of bladder tissue for histological examination

Preparation

Prior to the procedure, patients are typically asked to:

• Arrive with a full bladder, as this helps to distend the bladder and provide a clearer view during the procedure
• Avoid eating or drinking for a few hours before the procedure, although this may vary depending on individual circumstances
• Remove any clothing that may interfere with the procedure, such as underwear or pants
• Position themselves on an examination table in a comfortable position, usually lying on their back with their legs apart

Procedure

The flexible cystoscopy procedure typically involves the following steps:

1. The patient is positioned on the examination table and the urethral opening is cleaned with an antiseptic solution.
2. A local anesthetic gel or lubricant may be applied to the urethra to reduce discomfort during the procedure.
3. The flexible cystoscope is carefully inserted through the urethra and into the bladder, using a gentle twisting motion to navigate the tube.
4. Once the cystoscope is in place, the camera and light on the end of the tube provide a clear view of the inside of the bladder and urethra, allowing the doctor to visually inspect for any abnormalities.
5. The procedure may involve the use of sterile water or saline solution to fill the bladder and provide a clearer view.
6. Biopsy forceps or other instruments may be inserted through the cystoscope to collect tissue samples or remove small stones or foreign bodies.

Risks and Complications

As with any medical procedure, there are potential risks and complications associated with flexible cystoscopy in females, including:

• Discomfort or pain during the procedure, which can be minimized using local anesthetics or sedation
• Bleeding or hematuria (blood in the urine) after the procedure, which is usually mild and temporary
• Infection of the urinary tract, which can be treated with antibiotics
• Damage to the urethra or bladder, although this is rare and usually minor

Aftercare

Following a flexible cystoscopy procedure, patients are typically advised to:

• Drink plenty of water to help flush out the urinary system and reduce the risk of infection
• Avoid strenuous activities or heavy lifting for a few hours after the procedure
• Monitor their urine output and report any signs of infection, such as fever, chills, or burning sensations while urinating
• Follow any specific instructions provided by their doctor regarding post-procedure care and follow-up appointments

Conclusion

A flexible cystoscopy is a valuable diagnostic tool for investigating urinary tract problems in females. While the procedure may cause some discomfort, it is generally well-tolerated and provides important information to help diagnose and treat a range of conditions affecting the bladder and urethra.