Vaginal Ring

The vaginal ring, also known as NuvaRing, is a type of hormonal birth control that is inserted into the vagina to prevent pregnancy.

How it Works

The vaginal ring releases two hormones, estrogen and progestin, which are absorbed into the bloodstream through the vaginal walls. These hormones work to prevent ovulation, thicken cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching the egg, and thin the lining of the uterus to prevent implantation of a fertilized egg.

Insertion and Removal

The vaginal ring is inserted into the vagina, where it remains for three weeks. After three weeks, the ring is removed for one week, during which time menstruation typically occurs. A new ring is then inserted to begin the next cycle.

Benefits

The vaginal ring has several benefits, including:

• High effectiveness in preventing pregnancy (over 99% effective with perfect use)
• Convenience and ease of use
• Reduced risk of ovarian cysts and ectopic pregnancy
• Potential reduction in menstrual cramps, bloating, and mood swings

Risks and Side Effects

As with any hormonal birth control method, the vaginal ring can have side effects, including:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Headaches
• Breast tenderness
• Mood changes
• Vaginal discharge or irritation
• Increased risk of blood clots, heart attack, and stroke (especially in women over 35 who smoke)

Contraindications

The vaginal ring is not suitable for all women. It should not be used by women who:

• Are pregnant or breastfeeding
• Have a history of blood clots, heart attack, or stroke
• Have liver disease or liver tumors
• Have breast cancer or other hormone-sensitive cancers
• Smoke and are over 35 years old

Interactions with Other Medications

The vaginal ring can interact with certain medications, including:

• Antibiotics
• Anti-seizure medications
• Griseofulvin (an antifungal medication)
• Rifampin (an antibiotic)

Monitoring and Follow-up

Women using the vaginal ring should have regular check-ups with their healthcare provider to monitor their health and adjust the birth control method as needed.