Urticaria-Angioedema

Urticaria-angioedema is a medical condition characterized by the sudden onset of itchy, swollen wheals (hives) and deeper tissue swelling, often affecting the face, lips, tongue, and throat. This condition can be acute or chronic, with symptoms ranging from mild to life-threatening.

Causes

The exact cause of urticaria-angioedema is often unknown, but common triggers include:

• Allergic reactions to foods, medications, or insect bites
• Infections, such as viral or bacterial infections
• Autoimmune disorders, like thyroid disease or lupus
• Hormonal changes, including pregnancy or menstruation
• Genetic predisposition

Symptoms

The symptoms of urticaria-angioedema can vary in severity and may include:

• Itchy, raised wheals (hives) on the skin
• Swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat
• Difficulty breathing or swallowing
• Abdominal cramps, diarrhea, or nausea
• Rapid heartbeat or palpitations

Diagnosis

Diagnosing urticaria-angioedema typically involves a physical examination and medical history. The following tests may be ordered to rule out underlying conditions:

• Blood tests, including complete blood count (CBC) and allergy testing
• Skin prick testing or patch testing for allergies
• Imaging studies, such as X-rays or CT scans, to evaluate the extent of swelling

Treatment

Treatment for urticaria-angioedema depends on the severity and underlying cause. Common treatments include:

• Antihistamines to relieve itching and reduce swelling
• Corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
• Epinephrine injections or auto-injectors for severe reactions
• Avoiding known triggers, such as certain foods or medications

Complications

If left untreated or poorly managed, urticaria-angioedema can lead to complications, including:

• Anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction
• Airway obstruction, which can cause respiratory failure
• Cardiac problems, such as arrhythmias or cardiac arrest

Prevention

To prevent urticaria-angioedema, it is essential to:

• Avoid known triggers and allergens
• Maintain a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise
• Manage underlying medical conditions, such as autoimmune disorders or infections

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is Urticaria-angioedema?
A condition characterized by itchy hives and swelling of deeper skin layers.

What are the symptoms of Urticaria-angioedema?
Hives, itching, swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat, and potentially life-threatening airway obstruction.

What causes Urticaria-angioedema?
Allergic reactions to foods, medications, insect bites, or other triggers, as well as non-allergic factors such as infections or autoimmune disorders.

Is Urticaria-angioedema contagious?
No, it is not typically considered contagious.

Can Urticaria-angioedema be life-threatening?
Yes, in severe cases, particularly if airway obstruction occurs.

How is Urticaria-angioedema diagnosed?
Through physical examination, medical history, and potentially allergy testing or blood work.

What is the treatment for Urticaria-angioedema?
Antihistamines, corticosteroids, and epinephrine injections in severe cases, as well as avoidance of known triggers.

Can Urticaria-angioedema be prevented?
Possibly, by avoiding known allergens or triggers, but not always preventable.

Is Urticaria-angioedema related to other conditions?
May be associated with underlying conditions such as allergies, autoimmune disorders, or thyroid disease.

How common is Urticaria-angioedema?
Relatively common, affecting approximately 1 in 5 people at some point in their lives.