Urostomy Procedure

A urostomy is a surgical procedure that involves diverting the flow of urine from the kidneys into an external pouch, known as a urostomy bag or appliance, which is attached to the abdomen.

Purpose of Urostomy

The primary purpose of a urostomy is to provide an alternative route for urine to exit the body when the normal urinary system is not functioning properly. This can be due to various reasons such as:

• Bladder cancer or other cancers that affect the urinary system
• Neurological disorders, such as spinal cord injuries or multiple sclerosis, that affect bladder control
• Birth defects or congenital conditions that affect the urinary system
• Severe injury to the urinary tract

Types of Urostomy

There are two main types of urostomy:

• Ileal Conduit Urostomy: This is the most common type of urostomy, where a portion of the small intestine (ileum) is used to create a conduit for urine to flow from the kidneys into the external pouch.
• Colon Conduit Urostomy: In this type of urostomy, a portion of the large intestine (colon) is used to create the conduit.

Surgical Procedure

The surgical procedure for a urostomy typically involves:

• General anesthesia to ensure the patient is comfortable and pain-free during the procedure
• An incision in the abdomen to access the urinary system
• Creation of the conduit using a portion of the small or large intestine
• Attachment of the conduit to the kidneys and the external pouch
• Closure of the incision site

Post-Operative Care

After the surgery, patients will require:

• Pain management to control discomfort and pain
• Antibiotics to prevent infection
• Monitoring of urine output and kidney function
• Instruction on how to care for the urostomy site and external pouch
• Follow-up appointments with the healthcare provider to ensure proper healing and adjustment to the urostomy

Complications and Risks

As with any surgical procedure, there are potential complications and risks associated with a urostomy, including:

• Infection of the urinary tract or surgical site
• Bleeding or hemorrhage
• Adhesions or blockages in the conduit
• Nephrolithiasis (kidney stones)
• Psychological adjustment to the urostomy and external pouch

Living with a Urostomy

With proper care and management, individuals with a urostomy can lead active and normal lives. This includes:

• Learning how to manage the external pouch and urostomy site
• Adapting to changes in daily activities, such as bathing and dressing
• Maintaining good hygiene and skin care
• Seeking support from healthcare providers, family, and friends