Tummy Ache

A tummy ache, also known as abdominal pain, is a common symptom that can be caused by a variety of factors. It is characterized by discomfort or pain in the abdominal region, which can range from mild to severe.

Causes

• Gastrointestinal issues: Conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and stomach ulcers can cause tummy aches.
• Infections: Viral or bacterial infections, such as food poisoning, stomach flu, or urinary tract infections, can lead to abdominal pain.
• Food-related issues: Eating spicy or fatty foods, lactose intolerance, gluten intolerance, or celiac disease can cause tummy aches.
• Menstrual cramps: Women may experience abdominal pain during their menstrual cycle due to uterine contractions.
• Constipation: Infrequent bowel movements or difficulty passing stools can lead to abdominal discomfort.
• Appendicitis: Inflammation of the appendix can cause severe abdominal pain, often requiring surgical intervention.
• Kidney stones: Small, hard mineral deposits in the kidneys can cause severe abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.

Symptoms

• Pain or discomfort in the abdominal region
• Bloating or gas
• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea or constipation
• Fever
• Loss of appetite

Diagnosis

To diagnose the cause of a tummy ache, a healthcare professional may perform a physical examination, take a medical history, and order diagnostic tests such as:

• Complete blood count (CBC)
• Blood chemistry tests
• Imaging studies (e.g., X-rays, CT scans, or ultrasound)
• Endoscopy or colonoscopy
• Stool tests

Treatment

Treatment for a tummy ache depends on the underlying cause. It may include:

• Medications to manage symptoms, such as antacids or pain relievers
• Lifestyle changes, such as dietary modifications or stress management
• Antibiotics or antiviral medications for infections
• Surgery for conditions like appendicitis or intestinal blockages

When to Seek Medical Attention

If you experience any of the following, seek medical attention:

• Severe abdominal pain
• Vomiting blood or black tarry stools
• Fever above 101.5°F (38.6°C)
• Difficulty breathing
• Signs of dehydration, such as excessive thirst or dark urine