Trigger Finger

Trigger finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a common medical condition that affects the tendons and ligaments in the fingers and thumb.

Causes and Risk Factors

• Repetitive motion or strain on the tendon, such as from typing, using a computer mouse, or playing musical instruments
• Medical conditions like diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout
• Direct injury to the finger or thumb
• Certain occupations that involve repetitive gripping or grasping, such as construction work or gardening

Symptoms

• Pain or tenderness in the affected finger or thumb, especially when bending or straightening
• Swelling or inflammation in the affected area
• Catching or snapping sensation when moving the finger or thumb
• Stiffness or limited range of motion in the affected finger or thumb
• Finger or thumb locking in place, making it difficult to move

Diagnosis

Trigger finger is typically diagnosed through a physical examination and medical history. A healthcare provider may:

• Perform a physical exam to assess the range of motion and tenderness in the affected finger or thumb
• Ask questions about symptoms, medical history, and daily activities
• Order imaging tests, such as X-rays or ultrasound, to rule out other conditions

Treatment Options

• Rest and ice to reduce inflammation and pain
• Stretching exercises to improve range of motion and flexibility
• Physical therapy to strengthen the muscles in the hand and finger
• Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation and relieve pain
• Splinting or bracing to support the affected finger or thumb
• Surgery, in severe cases, to release the tendon and restore normal movement

Prevention

To prevent trigger finger, it is recommended to:

• Avoid repetitive motions or take regular breaks to rest the hands and fingers
• Maintain good hand and finger posture when performing activities
• Strengthen the muscles in the hand and finger through exercise
• Use ergonomic equipment, such as keyboards and mice, to reduce strain on the hands and fingers

Complications

If left untreated, trigger finger can lead to:

• Persistent pain and stiffness
• Limited range of motion or permanent deformity
• Nerve damage or numbness in the affected finger or thumb