Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. It is one of the most common curable STIs worldwide, affecting both men and women.

What is Trichomoniasis?

Trichomoniasis is an infection that occurs when the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis infects the vagina, cervix, or urethra in women, and the urethra or prostate gland in men. The parasite is typically spread through sexual contact with an infected person.

Symptoms of Trichomoniasis

The symptoms of trichomoniasis can vary from person to person, but common symptoms include:

• In women:
  • Abnormal vaginal discharge that is thin, frothy, yellow-green, or gray in color
  • Vaginal itching or burning
  • Painful urination
  • Pain during sexual intercourse
  • Foul-smelling vaginal odor
• In men:
  • Painful urination
  • Discharge from the penis
  • Itching or irritation of the genital area

It's worth noting that many people with trichomoniasis do not experience any symptoms, which can make it difficult to diagnose.

Treatments for Trichomoniasis

Trichomoniasis is typically treated with antibiotics. The most commonly used treatment is:

• Metronidazole (Flagyl): This antibiotic is usually taken orally, and the typical dosage is 2 grams as a single dose.
• Tinidazole (Tindamax): This antibiotic is also taken orally, and the typical dosage is 2 grams as a single dose.

It's essential to complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms disappear before finishing the medication. Additionally:

• Sexual partners should be treated at the same time to prevent reinfection.
• Avoid sexual contact until both partners have completed treatment and been symptom-free for at least 3 days.

Complications of Trichomoniasis

If left untreated, trichomoniasis can lead to complications such as:

• Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women
• Infertility in both men and women
• Increased risk of HIV transmission
• Pregnancy complications, such as preterm labor or low birth weight

Prevention of Trichomoniasis

To reduce the risk of getting trichomoniasis:

• Use condoms correctly and consistently during vaginal, anal, or oral sex.
• Limit the number of sexual partners.
• Get tested for STIs regularly, especially if you have multiple sexual partners.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is Trichomoniasis?
Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis.

How common is Trichomoniasis?
It is estimated that approximately 3.7 million people in the United States have Trichomoniasis, but many cases may go undiagnosed.

What are the symptoms of Trichomoniasis in women?
Symptoms can include vaginal discharge, itching, burning during urination, and abnormal vaginal odor.

What are the symptoms of Trichomoniasis in men?
Most men with Trichomoniasis do not have noticeable symptoms, but some may experience discharge or burning after urination.

How is Trichomoniasis transmitted?
Trichomoniasis is primarily spread through vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected partner.

Can Trichomoniasis be cured?
Yes, Trichomoniasis can typically be treated and cured with antibiotics, usually metronidazole or tinidazole.

Is Trichomoniasis a serious health risk?
If left untreated, Trichomoniasis may increase the risk of other sexually transmitted infections, including HIV, and may cause complications during pregnancy.

Can pregnant women pass Trichomoniasis to their babies?
Yes, pregnant women with Trichomoniasis can potentially pass the infection to their babies during delivery, which may lead to low birth weight or preterm delivery.

How is Trichomoniasis diagnosed?
Diagnosis typically involves a physical exam, medical history, and laboratory tests such as wet mount microscopy or nucleic acid amplification tests.

Can Trichomoniasis be prevented?
Using condoms consistently during sex can reduce the risk of getting Trichomoniasis, but it may not completely eliminate the risk.