Transdermal Contraceptive Patch

The transdermal contraceptive patch, also known as the birth control patch, is a form of hormonal contraception that is applied directly to the skin. It releases hormones into the bloodstream through the skin, preventing pregnancy.

How it Works

The patch contains two main hormones: estrogen (ethinyl estradiol) and progestin (norelgestromin). These hormones work together to:

• Prevent ovulation: The hormones stop the release of an egg from the ovaries, making it impossible for fertilization to occur.
• Thicken cervical mucus: The hormones make the mucus around the cervix thicker, preventing sperm from reaching the egg.
• Thin the uterine lining: The hormones thin the lining of the uterus, making it less likely that a fertilized egg can implant and grow.

Application and Use

The patch is applied to the skin once a week for three weeks, followed by a patch-free week. It can be placed on:

• The upper outer arm
• The abdomen
• The buttocks
• The upper back

Each patch is worn for seven days, and then replaced with a new one. After three weeks of wearing the patch, a week is taken off to allow for menstruation.

Benefits

The transdermal contraceptive patch offers several benefits, including:

• Convenience: The patch is easy to apply and does not require daily pills or injections.
• Effectiveness: When used correctly, the patch is over 99% effective in preventing pregnancy.
• Reduced risk of ovarian cysts and pelvic inflammatory disease
• Regulation of menstrual cycles

Risks and Side Effects

As with any hormonal contraceptive, the transdermal patch can have side effects, including:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Headaches
• Dizziness
• Breast tenderness
• Mood changes
• Weight gain or loss
• Acne

More serious risks associated with the patch include:

• Blood clots and stroke
• Heart attack
• High blood pressure
• Liver tumors

Contraindications

The transdermal contraceptive patch is not suitable for everyone, particularly those who:

• Are over 35 years old and smoke
• Have a history of blood clots or stroke
• Have high blood pressure or heart disease
• Have liver disease or tumors
• Are pregnant or breastfeeding

Interactions with Other Medications

Certain medications can interact with the transdermal contraceptive patch, including:

• Antibiotics
• Anti-seizure medications
• Barbiturates
• Rifampin
• St. John's Wort

It is essential to inform your healthcare provider about any medications you are taking before starting the transdermal contraceptive patch.