Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC) Test
The Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC) test is a blood test used to measure the level of transferrin, a protein that binds to iron in the blood. The test is also known as the Unsaturated Iron-Binding Capacity (UIBC) test.
What is the purpose of the TIBC test?
The TIBC test is used to diagnose and monitor conditions related to iron deficiency or overload, such as anemia, hemochromatosis, and sideroblastic anemia. It helps to assess the body's ability to bind and transport iron.
How is the TIBC test performed?
A blood sample is collected from a vein in the arm using a needle and syringe. The sample is then sent to a laboratory for analysis. The TIBC test measures the amount of transferrin available to bind to iron in the blood.
What do the results mean?
The results of the TIBC test are usually reported in units of micrograms per deciliter (μg/dL) or micromoles per liter (μmol/L). The normal range for TIBC varies depending on the laboratory and the individual's age, sex, and other factors. Generally:
- A high TIBC level indicates iron deficiency anemia, as there is more transferrin available to bind to iron.
- A low TIBC level indicates iron overload or hemochromatosis, as there is less transferrin available to bind to iron.
Interpretation of results
The TIBC test is often used in conjunction with other tests, such as serum iron and ferritin levels, to diagnose and monitor iron-related disorders. The following are general guidelines for interpreting TIBC results:
| TIBC Level | Interpretation |
|---|---|
| High (>450 μg/dL) | Iron deficiency anemia |
| Normal (300-450 μg/dL) | Normal iron levels |
| Low (<300 μg/dL) | Iron overload or hemochromatosis |
Limitations and potential interferences
The TIBC test may be affected by various factors, including:
- Pregnancy and estrogen levels
- Inflammation and liver disease
- Nutritional deficiencies, such as vitamin B6 or copper deficiency
- Certain medications, such as oral contraceptives and steroids
It is essential to consider these potential interferences when interpreting the results of the TIBC test.
Article last updated on: 15th June 2025.
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