Tennis Elbow Surgery

Tennis elbow, also known as lateral epicondylitis, is a condition characterized by pain and inflammation on the outside of the elbow, where the muscles and tendons of the forearm attach to the lateral epicondyle. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to relieve symptoms and restore function.

Indications for Surgery

Surgery is typically considered for patients with tennis elbow who have:

• Persistent pain and inflammation that has not responded to conservative treatments such as rest, physical therapy, and medication
• Significant loss of function or weakness in the affected arm
• A torn or damaged tendon that requires repair
• Failed previous treatments, including injections or other interventions

Surgical Procedures

There are several surgical procedures used to treat tennis elbow, including:

• Open Tennis Elbow Release: This is a traditional open surgery procedure where the surgeon makes an incision on the outside of the elbow to release the affected tendon and remove any damaged tissue.
• Arthroscopic Tennis Elbow Release: This is a minimally invasive procedure where the surgeon uses a small camera and instruments to release the affected tendon through several small incisions.
• Percutaneous Tennis Elbow Release: This is a percutaneous procedure where the surgeon uses a needle or other instrument to release the affected tendon through a small puncture in the skin.
• Tendon Repair or Reconstruction: In some cases, the surgeon may need to repair or reconstruct the damaged tendon using sutures, grafts, or other techniques.

Surgical Techniques

The surgical technique used will depend on the individual patient's condition and the surgeon's preference. Some common techniques include:

• Debridement: Removing damaged tissue and debris from the affected area
• Tendon release: Releasing the affected tendon to reduce tension and promote healing
• Tendon repair: Repairing or reconstructing the damaged tendon using sutures, grafts, or other techniques
• Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy: Using platelet-rich plasma injections to stimulate healing and tissue repair

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, there are risks and complications associated with tennis elbow surgery, including:

• Infection
• Bleeding or hematoma
• Nerve damage or numbness
• Scarring or keloid formation
• Recurrence of symptoms
• Temporary or permanent loss of function or strength in the affected arm

Recovery and Rehabilitation

After surgery, patients will typically require a period of rest and rehabilitation to allow the affected tendon to heal. This may include:

• Pain management with medication or other interventions
• Immobilization in a splint or cast to protect the affected area
• Physical therapy to promote healing, strength, and range of motion
• Gradual return to activity and sports participation under the guidance of a healthcare professional

Outcomes and Prognosis

The outcome of tennis elbow surgery will depend on various factors, including the severity of the condition, the surgical technique used, and the patient's overall health and compliance with post-operative rehabilitation. In general, most patients can expect:

• Significant improvement in symptoms and function
• Return to normal activities and sports participation within several months
• Some residual pain or stiffness, which may be managed with ongoing physical therapy or other interventions