Swollen Lymph Nodes

Swollen lymph nodes, also known as lymphadenopathy, occur when the lymph nodes in the body become enlarged or inflamed. This can be a sign of an underlying infection, inflammation, or other medical condition.

Causes of Swollen Lymph Nodes

• Infections such as bacterial, viral, or fungal infections
• Autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus
• Cancer, including lymphoma, leukemia, or other types of cancer that spread to the lymph nodes
• Allergic reactions or sensitivities
• Vaccinations, which can cause temporary swelling of the lymph nodes
• Injury or trauma to the lymph nodes

Locations of Swollen Lymph Nodes

Lymph nodes are located throughout the body, and swollen lymph nodes can occur in various locations, including:

• Neck (cervical lymph nodes)
• Armpits (axillary lymph nodes)
• Groin (inguinal lymph nodes)
• Abdomen (abdominal lymph nodes)
• Under the jaw (submandibular lymph nodes)

Symptoms of Swollen Lymph Nodes

In addition to swelling, other symptoms may include:

• Pain or tenderness in the affected area
• Redness or warmth over the affected area
• Fever
• Weight loss
• Fatigue
• Sweating

Diagnosis of Swollen Lymph Nodes

A diagnosis of swollen lymph nodes is typically made through a combination of:

• Physical examination
• Medical history
• Imaging tests, such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI
• Biopsy of the affected lymph node
• Laboratory tests, such as blood work or cultures

Treatment of Swollen Lymph Nodes

Treatment for swollen lymph nodes depends on the underlying cause and may include:

• Antibiotics for bacterial infections
• Anti-inflammatory medications for autoimmune disorders or allergic reactions
• Cancer treatment, such as chemotherapy or radiation therapy
• Surgery to remove the affected lymph node
• Supportive care, such as rest and hydration, for viral infections

When to Seek Medical Attention

It is essential to seek medical attention if you experience:

• Sudden or severe swelling of the lymph nodes
• Pain or tenderness that worsens over time
• Fever above 101.5°F (38.6°C)
• Difficulty swallowing or breathing
• Unexplained weight loss