Surgery for Ingrowing Toenail (Adult)

Introduction

An ingrowing toenail is a common condition where the nail grows into the surrounding skin, causing pain, redness, and swelling. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to treat the condition.

Types of Surgery

• Partial Nail Avulsion (PNA): This is a minor surgical procedure where the ingrowing part of the nail is removed. The nail bed is then treated with a chemical called phenol to prevent the nail from growing back in the same area.
• Total Nail Avulsion (TNA): This involves removing the entire toenail. This procedure is usually performed if the ingrowing toenail is severe or keeps coming back.
• Nail Matrix Ablation: This procedure involves destroying the nail matrix, which is the area where the nail grows from. This can be done using a chemical, laser, or surgical excision.
• Wedge Resection: This involves removing a small wedge of tissue from the toe, including the ingrowing part of the nail and some of the surrounding skin.

Surgical Procedure

The surgery is usually performed under local anesthesia, which numbs the toe. The procedure typically takes 15-30 minutes to complete. The surgeon will:

• Clean and prepare the area around the toenail
• Inject a local anesthetic into the toe
• Remove the ingrowing part of the nail or the entire nail, depending on the procedure
• Treat the nail bed with phenol or another chemical to prevent regrowth
• Apply a dressing to the area

Aftercare and Recovery

After the surgery, it's essential to follow the surgeon's instructions for aftercare and recovery. This may include:

• Keeping the foot elevated to reduce swelling
• Applying ice packs to reduce pain and swelling
• Taking pain relief medication as directed
• Changing the dressing daily or as instructed
• Avoiding strenuous activities, such as sports or heavy lifting, for several weeks

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, there are risks and complications associated with ingrowing toenail surgery. These may include:

• Infection
• Bleeding or hematoma
• Nerve damage
• Regrowth of the nail in the same area
• Scarring

Prevention

To prevent ingrowing toenails, it's essential to:

• Trim toenails straight across and avoid cutting them too short
• Wear shoes that fit properly and don't put pressure on the toes
• Practice good foot hygiene, including washing and drying the feet daily
• Avoid sharing personal care items, such as nail clippers or towels

Conclusion

Surgery for ingrowing toenail is a common and effective treatment option for adults. While there are risks and complications associated with the procedure, following the surgeon's instructions for aftercare and recovery can help minimize these risks. By taking preventive measures, individuals can reduce their risk of developing an ingrowing toenail in the first place.