Stye

A stye, also known as a hordeolum, is a small, usually painful, lump that appears on the outside or inside of the eyelid. It is an inflammatory condition that occurs when a sebaceous gland or hair follicle in the eyelid becomes clogged and infected.

Symptoms of a Stye

• A small, red, painful lump on the eyelid
• Swelling and inflammation of the surrounding area
• Redness and warmth to the touch
• Pus or discharge from the affected area
• Crusting or scabbing on the eyelid
• Sensitivity to light
• Tearing or watery eyes
• Itching or burning sensation in the eye

Types of Styes

There are two main types of styes:

• External stye (hordeolum externum): occurs on the outside of the eyelid, usually at the base of an eyelash
• Internal stye (hordeolum internum): occurs on the inside of the eyelid, usually on the meibomian gland

Causes and Risk Factors

A stye is typically caused by a bacterial infection, often from Staphylococcus aureus. Other risk factors include:

• Poor hygiene or touching the eyes with unwashed hands
• Sharing makeup or makeup brushes
• Using expired or contaminated eye products
• Weakened immune system
• Blepharitis (inflammation of the eyelids)
• Rosacea (a skin condition that can cause inflammation and acne-like symptoms)

Treatments for a Stye

The primary goal of treatment is to reduce the pain, swelling, and infection. The following treatments may be used:

• Warm compresses: applying a warm, damp washcloth to the affected area for 5-10 minutes, several times a day
• Antibiotic ointments or creams: topical antibiotics to help clear up the infection
• Oral antibiotics: in severe cases, oral antibiotics may be prescribed to treat the underlying infection
• Pain relief medication: over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help alleviate discomfort
• Surgical drainage: in some cases, a doctor may need to drain the stye surgically to relieve pressure and promote healing

Prevention and Home Remedies

To prevent styes and promote healing:

• Practice good hygiene: wash hands regularly and avoid touching the eyes
• Avoid sharing makeup or makeup brushes
• Use clean towels and washcloths when applying warm compresses
• Avoid rubbing or squeezing the stye, as this can push bacteria further into the skin
• Keep the eyes and eyelids clean: gently wipe away any discharge or crust with a damp cloth

When to Seek Medical Attention

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention:

• Severe pain or swelling that worsens over time
• Pus or discharge that is thick, yellow, or bloody
• Fever or chills
• Vision changes or blurred vision
• A stye that does not improve with treatment or recurs frequently