Steroids

Steroids are a type of medication that can be used to treat various medical conditions. They are synthetic hormones that mimic the effects of cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal gland.

Types of Steroids

• Corticosteroids: These steroids are used to treat inflammation and immune system disorders, such as asthma, allergies, and rheumatoid arthritis.
• Anabolic steroids: These steroids are used to promote muscle growth and are often abused by athletes to enhance performance.

Medical Uses of Steroids

Steroids can be used to treat a variety of medical conditions, including:

• Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
• Allergies and anaphylaxis
• Rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory joint diseases
• Psoriasis and other skin conditions
• Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease
• Certain types of cancer, such as leukemia and lymphoma

Administration of Steroids

Steroids can be administered in various ways, including:

• Oral: Tablets or liquid steroids taken by mouth.
• Inhaled: Inhalers used to deliver steroids directly to the lungs.
• Topical: Creams or ointments applied directly to the skin.
• Injectable: Steroids injected into a joint or muscle.
• IV: Steroids administered through a vein.

Risks and Side Effects of Steroids

Steroids can have various side effects, including:

• Weight gain and mood changes
• Increased blood sugar levels
• Increased risk of infection
• Osteoporosis and bone thinning
• Cataracts and glaucoma
• Acne and skin thinning

Contraindications and Interactions

Steroids may be contraindicated in certain individuals, including:

• Pregnant or breastfeeding women
• People with certain medical conditions, such as diabetes or high blood pressure
• People taking certain medications, such as blood thinners or immunosuppressants

Monitoring and Follow-up

Regular monitoring and follow-up are necessary when taking steroids to minimize the risk of side effects and ensure effective treatment. This may include:

• Regular blood tests to monitor blood sugar levels and liver function
• Regular bone density scans to monitor osteoporosis risk
• Regular eye exams to monitor cataract and glaucoma risk