Smokeless Tobacco

Smokeless tobacco refers to a variety of products that contain tobacco but do not require burning or smoking. These products are often used orally, meaning they are placed inside the mouth, and can release nicotine and other substances as they dissolve.

Types of Smokeless Tobacco

• Chewing tobacco: This comes in loose leaf form or in small pouches. It is placed between the cheek and gum, where it releases its contents as it is chewed.
• Snuff: A powdered form of smokeless tobacco that can be taken orally or nasally. Oral snuff is placed between the cheek and gum, similar to chewing tobacco, while nasal snuff is inhaled through the nostrils.
• Dip: Similar to snuff but has a coarser texture. It's also placed between the cheek and gum.
• Snus: A type of smokeless tobacco that originated in Sweden. It is sold in small pouches and is placed between the upper lip and gum.
• Dissolvable products: These include strips, sticks, and orbs that dissolve in the mouth to release nicotine and flavorings.

Risks Associated with Smokeless Tobacco

Despite not involving smoke, smokeless tobacco poses significant health risks. Some of these risks include:

• Nicotine addiction: Smokeless tobacco products contain nicotine, which is highly addictive.
• Oral cancer: The use of smokeless tobacco has been linked to an increased risk of developing oral (mouth) cancer, including cancers of the cheek, gum, and lip.
• Gum recession and tooth decay: The constant placement of tobacco products in the mouth can lead to gum disease and tooth decay due to the sugars and other substances added to the tobacco.
• Heart disease and stroke: Nicotine can increase heart rate and blood pressure, which may lead to an increased risk of heart disease and stroke.
• Pancreatic cancer: Some studies suggest a link between smokeless tobacco use and an increased risk of pancreatic cancer.
• Reproductive issues: Nicotine from smokeless tobacco can affect sperm quality in men and may lead to complications during pregnancy for women.

Regulations and Public Health Efforts

Given the health risks associated with smokeless tobacco, many countries have implemented regulations to control its sale, marketing, and use. These efforts include age restrictions on purchase, bans on public use, and requirements for warning labels on packaging.

Quitting Smokeless Tobacco

Quitting smokeless tobacco can be challenging due to nicotine addiction, but it is crucial for reducing the risk of associated health problems. Strategies for quitting include:

• Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT): Available in forms like gum, lozenges, and patches to help manage withdrawal symptoms.
• Prescription medications: Such as bupropion and varenicline, which can aid in quitting by reducing cravings and the pleasurable effects of nicotine.
• Counseling and support groups: Providing emotional support and strategies to cope with cravings and avoid relapse.