Sleeve Gastrectomy

A sleeve gastrectomy, also known as a vertical sleeve gastrectomy, is a surgical weight-loss procedure that involves removing a large portion of the stomach, leaving a narrow "sleeve" or tube-like stomach.

Procedure Overview

The procedure is typically performed laparoscopically, which involves making several small incisions in the abdomen to insert a camera and surgical instruments. The surgeon then removes approximately 75-80% of the stomach, leaving a narrow sleeve that resembles a tube.

How it Works

The sleeve gastrectomy works by:

• Reducing the size of the stomach, which limits the amount of food that can be consumed
• Removing the part of the stomach that produces ghrelin, a hormone that stimulates appetite
• Changing the way the stomach empties food into the small intestine, which can help reduce hunger and improve feelings of fullness

Benefits

The benefits of sleeve gastrectomy include:

• Significant weight loss, with most patients losing 50-70% of their excess weight within the first year
• Improvement or resolution of obesity-related health conditions, such as type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, and sleep apnea
• Reduced risk of obesity-related mortality

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, there are risks and complications associated with sleeve gastrectomy, including:

• Bleeding or hemorrhage
• Infection
• Leakage from the staple line
• Narrowing of the stomach sleeve (stricture)
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Candidate Selection

To be a candidate for sleeve gastrectomy, patients typically must:

• Have a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or higher, or a BMI of 35 or higher with at least one obesity-related health condition
• Have tried other weight-loss methods without success
• Be willing and able to make significant lifestyle changes, including dietary and exercise modifications

Post-Operative Care

After sleeve gastrectomy, patients typically require:

• A short hospital stay (usually 1-2 days)
• A liquid diet for several weeks, followed by a gradual transition to solid foods
• Lifetime vitamin and mineral supplements to prevent deficiencies
• Regular follow-up appointments with their surgeon and other healthcare providers

Long-Term Results

Studies have shown that sleeve gastrectomy can result in significant and sustained weight loss, as well as improvement or resolution of obesity-related health conditions. However, long-term results can vary depending on individual factors, such as adherence to dietary and exercise recommendations.