Pubic Lice

Pubic lice, also known as crabs or pubic crabs, are a type of external parasite that infests human hair and skin, particularly in the genital area.

What are Pubic Lice?

Pubic lice are small, flat, parasitic insects that feed on human blood. They are about 1-2 millimeters long and have a distinctive crab-like appearance, with six legs and a rounded body. Pubic lice are usually gray or brown in color and can be found in the pubic hair, but they can also infest other areas of the body, such as the armpits, beard, eyebrows, and eyelashes.

Symptoms of Pubic Lice

The symptoms of pubic lice include:

• Intense itching in the genital area, especially at night
• Visible lice or eggs (nits) in the pubic hair
• Small, red bumps or spots on the skin
• Irritation and inflammation of the skin
• Blue-gray spots on the skin, known as maculae ceruleae, which are caused by the lice's saliva

Causes and Risk Factors of Pubic Lice

Pubic lice are usually spread through:

• Direct contact with an infested person, such as during sex or other intimate activities
• Sharing personal items, such as towels, bedding, or clothing, that have come into contact with an infested person
• Using a contaminated toilet seat or other public facility

Treatments for Pubic Lice

The treatments for pubic lice include:

• Over-the-counter (OTC) medications, such as permethrin cream rinse or pyrethrin shampoo, which can be applied to the affected area and left on for a specified amount of time before rinsing off
• Prescription medications, such as malathion lotion or ivermectin cream, which may be prescribed if OTC treatments are not effective
• Removing pubic hair through shaving, waxing, or sugaring to help eliminate the lice and their eggs
• Washing and drying clothing, bedding, and towels in hot water and high heat to kill any lice or eggs that may be present
• Dry cleaning or sealing in a plastic bag for at least 2 weeks any items that cannot be washed or dried

Prevention of Pubic Lice

To prevent pubic lice, it is recommended to:

• Avoid sharing personal items, such as towels, bedding, or clothing
• Avoid direct contact with an infested person
• Use a condom during sex to reduce the risk of transmission
• Wash and dry clothing, bedding, and towels regularly
• Regularly inspect the genital area for signs of lice or eggs

Complications of Pubic Lice

If left untreated, pubic lice can lead to complications such as:

• Secondary infections, such as bacterial or fungal infections, which can occur when the skin is broken due to scratching
• Allergic reactions to the lice's saliva or feces
• Anxiety and stress related to the infestation