Prepatellar Bursitis

Prepatellar bursitis, also known as housemaid's knee, is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the prepatellar bursa, a fluid-filled sac located in front of the kneecap (patella). The prepatellar bursa reduces friction between the skin and the patella, allowing for smooth movement of the knee joint.

Causes

Prepatellar bursitis is often caused by repetitive kneeling or direct trauma to the knee, which can lead to irritation and inflammation of the prepatellar bursa. Other factors that may contribute to the development of prepatellar bursitis include:

• Repetitive motion or overuse
• Direct blows to the knee
• Infection
• Rheumatoid arthritis or other inflammatory conditions

Symptoms

The symptoms of prepatellar bursitis may include:

• Pain and swelling in the front of the knee
• Redness and warmth around the affected area
• Limited mobility or stiffness in the knee joint
• Tenderness to the touch

Diagnosis

Prepatellar bursitis is typically diagnosed through a physical examination and medical history. The doctor may also order imaging tests, such as X-rays or ultrasound, to rule out other conditions that may be causing the symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment for prepatellar bursitis usually involves a combination of conservative measures and, in some cases, surgical intervention. Conservative treatments may include:

• Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) to reduce pain and inflammation
• Pain relief medications, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
• Physical therapy to improve range of motion and strength
• Aspiration of the bursa to remove excess fluid

In severe cases or when conservative treatments are ineffective, surgical drainage or removal of the prepatellar bursa may be necessary.

Prevention

To prevent prepatellar bursitis, individuals can take the following precautions:

• Avoid repetitive kneeling or direct trauma to the knee
• Use protective gear, such as knee pads, when engaging in activities that involve kneeling
• Maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on the knee joint
• Engage in regular exercise to strengthen the muscles around the knee