Periorbital Dark Circles

Periorbital dark circles, also known as periorbital hyperpigmentation or dark circles under the eyes, refer to the appearance of darkened skin around the orbits of the eyes.

Causes

• Genetics: Family history can play a role in the development of periorbital dark circles.
• Aging: As people age, the skin around the eyes becomes thinner and more translucent, making the blood vessels underneath more visible.
• Fluid retention: Excess fluid can accumulate in the tissue under the eyes, causing puffiness and discoloration.
• Allergies: Allergic reactions can cause increased blood flow to the area, leading to dark circles.
• Anemia: Iron deficiency or anemia can reduce oxygen delivery to the skin, resulting in a pale or bluish appearance under the eyes.
• Smoking: Smoking can damage the skin and blood vessels, contributing to the development of dark circles.
• Lack of sleep: Poor sleep quality or duration can lead to increased fluid retention and puffiness under the eyes.
• Nutritional deficiencies: Deficiencies in vitamins K, C, or E, as well as minerals like iron or zinc, may contribute to dark circles.
• Hormonal changes: Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy, menstruation, or menopause can cause fluid retention and skin discoloration.
• Medications: Certain medications, such as antihistamines or decongestants, can increase blood flow to the area, leading to dark circles.

Symptoms

• Darkened skin around the orbits of the eyes
• Puffiness or swelling under the eyes
• Bluish or purplish discoloration under the eyes
• Thinning skin under the eyes
• Increased visibility of blood vessels under the eyes

Treatment and Prevention

• Cold compresses: Applying a cold compress to the area can help reduce puffiness and constrict blood vessels.
• Elevating the head: Sleeping with the head elevated can help reduce fluid accumulation under the eyes.
• Getting enough sleep: Prioritizing good sleep quality and duration can help alleviate dark circles.
• Staying hydrated: Drinking plenty of water can help maintain skin health and reduce puffiness.
• Protecting the skin from the sun: Using sunscreen and avoiding excessive sun exposure can help prevent skin damage and discoloration.
• Topical creams or gels: Certain topical products, such as those containing caffeine, peptides, or vitamin K, may help reduce the appearance of dark circles.
• Cosmetic procedures: Chemical peels, microdermabrasion, or laser therapy can help improve skin texture and reduce discoloration.