Pelvic Exam

A pelvic exam is a medical examination of the female reproductive organs, including the vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus, and ovaries. The purpose of the exam is to assess the health of these organs and detect any abnormalities or potential health problems.

Why is a Pelvic Exam Performed?

A pelvic exam may be performed for several reasons, including:

• To evaluate symptoms such as abdominal pain, vaginal discharge, or irregular menstrual bleeding
• To perform a Pap test (a screening test for cervical cancer)
• To check for infections, such as yeast infections or sexually transmitted infections (STIs)
• To assess the size and position of the uterus and ovaries
• To evaluate fertility or infertility issues
• To perform a routine wellness exam

What Happens During a Pelvic Exam?

A pelvic exam typically involves the following steps:

1. The patient will be asked to undress from the waist down and lie on an examination table with her feet in stirrups.
2. The healthcare provider will perform an external exam of the vulva, looking for any signs of infection, inflammation, or other abnormalities.
3. The healthcare provider will then insert a speculum (a hollow, tube-like instrument) into the vagina to hold it open and allow for a visual examination of the cervix and vaginal walls.
4. A Pap test may be performed by collecting cells from the cervix using a spatula or brush.
5. The healthcare provider will then perform a bimanual exam, inserting two gloved fingers into the vagina to feel the uterus, ovaries, and other pelvic organs.
6. A rectovaginal exam may also be performed, where the healthcare provider inserts a gloved finger into the rectum to feel the back of the uterus and other pelvic organs.

What to Expect After a Pelvic Exam

After a pelvic exam, the patient may experience some mild discomfort or spotting (light bleeding). This is usually temporary and resolves on its own. The healthcare provider will discuss the results of the exam with the patient and provide any necessary follow-up care or treatment.

Risks and Complications

While a pelvic exam is generally a safe procedure, there are some potential risks and complications to be aware of, including:

• Infection or inflammation of the reproductive organs
• Bleeding or spotting
• Discomfort or pain during or after the exam
• Allergic reactions to latex or other materials used during the exam

Preparation and Aftercare

To prepare for a pelvic exam, patients should:

• Avoid scheduling the exam during their menstrual period
• Avoid using tampons, douches, or other vaginal products for at least 24 hours before the exam
• Empty their bladder before the exam
• Wear comfortable clothing and avoid wearing perfume or scented products

After the exam, patients should:

• Follow any instructions provided by their healthcare provider for follow-up care or treatment
• Take any prescribed medications as directed
• Contact their healthcare provider if they experience any unusual symptoms or concerns

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is a pelvic exam?
A medical procedure where a healthcare provider examines the reproductive organs.

Why is a pelvic exam performed?
To check for abnormalities, infections, or cancer, and monitor pregnancy or menstrual health.

Who performs a pelvic exam?
Typically a healthcare provider, such as a gynecologist, obstetrician, or primary care physician.

What happens during a pelvic exam?
The provider visually examines the vulva, inserts a speculum to view the cervix, and performs a bimanual exam.

Is a pelvic exam painful?
It may cause mild discomfort, but usually not severe pain.

How long does a pelvic exam take?
Usually around 5-10 minutes.

Do I need to prepare for a pelvic exam?
Emptying the bladder and bowel may be recommended, and avoiding intercourse or douching before the exam.

Can I have a pelvic exam during my period?
It is generally not recommended, but may be done in some cases.

How often should I get a pelvic exam?
The frequency depends on age, health status, and medical history, typically annually for women over 21.

Are there any risks associated with a pelvic exam?
Rarely, minor complications such as infection or bleeding may occur.