Myelography

Myelography is a medical imaging procedure that involves introducing a contrast agent into the spinal canal to visualize the spinal cord, nerve roots, and surrounding structures.

Indications

• Diagnosing herniated discs, spinal stenosis, and other spinal disorders
• Evaluating spinal injuries, such as fractures or dislocations
• Assessing spinal tumors, cysts, or infections
• Investigating causes of back pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the legs

Procedure

The procedure typically involves the following steps:

1. The patient is positioned on their side or stomach on an X-ray table
2. A local anesthetic is administered to numb the skin and muscle
3. A needle is inserted into the spinal canal, usually in the lower back (lumbar region)
4. A contrast agent, such as iodine or gadolinium, is injected into the spinal fluid
5. X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans are taken to visualize the contrast agent and surrounding structures

Types of Myelography

• Conventional myelography: Uses X-rays to visualize the contrast agent
• CT myelography: Combines CT scans with the contrast agent for more detailed images
• MR myelography: Uses MRI scans to visualize the contrast agent and surrounding structures

Risks and Complications

• Allergic reactions to the contrast agent
• Headache, nausea, or vomiting due to the spinal puncture
• Infection or bleeding at the injection site
• Nerve damage or irritation

Preparation and Aftercare

Patient preparation typically includes:

• Fasting for several hours before the procedure
• Removing jewelry, clothing, or other metal objects that may interfere with imaging
• Avoiding strenuous activities for several days after the procedure

Aftercare instructions may include:

• Resting and avoiding heavy lifting or bending
• Taking pain medication as directed
• Monitoring for signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or fever

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is Myelography?
Myelography is a medical imaging procedure that involves injecting a contrast dye into the spinal canal to visualize the spinal cord and nerve roots.

Why is Myelography performed?
Myelography is typically performed to diagnose conditions such as herniated discs, spinal stenosis, and spinal tumors.

What are the risks of Myelography?
Risks may include allergic reactions to the contrast dye, headache, and nerve damage, among others.

How is Myelography performed?
The procedure involves injecting a contrast dye into the spinal canal, usually in the lower back, followed by X-rays or CT scans to visualize the spinal cord and nerve roots.

What type of contrast dye is used in Myelography?
Typically, a water-soluble contrast dye is used, which is less likely to cause allergic reactions compared to older types of dyes.

Is Myelography painful?
The procedure may cause some discomfort or pain, especially during the injection of the contrast dye.

How long does Myelography take?
The procedure usually takes around 30-60 minutes to complete.

What are the benefits of Myelography?
Myelography can provide detailed images of the spinal cord and nerve roots, helping to diagnose conditions that may not be visible on other types of imaging tests.

Are there any alternative procedures to Myelography?
Alternative procedures may include MRI or CT scans, which can also visualize the spinal cord and nerve roots without the need for contrast dye injection.

What is the recovery time after Myelography?
Recovery time may vary, but patients are usually advised to rest for several hours after the procedure and avoid heavy lifting or bending for a few days.