Meniscus Tear (Knee Cartilage Damage)

A meniscus tear is a common knee injury that occurs when one of the two menisci, which are pieces of cartilage in the knee joint, is damaged. The menisci act as shock absorbers between the ends of the bones in the knee joint and help to stabilize the knee.

Causes of Meniscus Tears

Meniscus tears can occur due to a variety of reasons, including:

• Sudden twisting or bending of the knee
• Landing from a jump incorrectly
• Direct blow to the knee
• Repetitive stress on the knee joint, such as from running or jumping
• Weakening of the meniscus due to age or wear and tear

Symptoms of Meniscus Tears

The symptoms of a meniscus tear can vary depending on the severity of the injury, but common symptoms include:

• Pain in the knee, especially when twisting or bending
• Swelling and inflammation in the knee
• Stiffness or limited range of motion in the knee
• Catching or locking sensation in the knee
• Instability or feeling of the knee giving way

Diagnosis of Meniscus Tears

A meniscus tear is typically diagnosed through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests. The doctor may perform:

• Physical examination to assess range of motion, strength, and stability of the knee
• X-rays to rule out other conditions such as fractures or osteoarthritis
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to visualize the meniscus and surrounding tissues

Treatment Options for Meniscus Tears

The treatment for a meniscus tear depends on the severity of the injury, as well as the individual's overall health and activity level. Treatment options may include:

• Conservative management with rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE)
• Physical therapy to improve range of motion and strength
• Pain management with medication or injections
• Surgical repair or removal of the damaged meniscus

Surgical Treatment for Meniscus Tears

Surgery may be necessary for more severe meniscus tears, or for individuals who have not responded to conservative treatment. Surgical options include:

• Meniscectomy: removal of the damaged meniscus
• Meniscal repair: stitching the torn meniscus back together
• Meniscal transplantation: replacing the damaged meniscus with a donor meniscus

Recovery and Rehabilitation after Meniscus Tear Treatment

Recovery and rehabilitation after treatment for a meniscus tear can vary depending on the severity of the injury and the individual's overall health. A physical therapy program may be necessary to improve range of motion, strength, and function in the knee.

It is essential to follow the doctor's instructions and attend follow-up appointments to ensure proper healing and prevent further complications.