Lateral Epicondylitis Surgical Release

Lateral epicondylitis, also known as tennis elbow, is a condition characterized by pain and inflammation on the outside of the elbow, where the muscles and tendons of the forearm attach to the lateral epicondyle. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to relieve symptoms and restore function.

Indications for Surgery

Surgical release is typically considered for patients with lateral epicondylitis who have not responded to conservative treatments, such as physical therapy, bracing, and corticosteroid injections, after a period of 6-12 months. The primary indication for surgery is persistent pain and limited function that interferes with daily activities.

Surgical Technique

The lateral epicondylitis surgical release procedure involves the following steps:

• Incision and Dissection: A small incision (about 3-4 cm) is made on the outside of the elbow, and the skin and subcutaneous tissue are dissected to expose the extensor tendon.
• Tendon Release: The extensor tendon is identified, and the degenerative tissue is released from the lateral epicondyle. This involves cutting or scraping away the damaged tendon tissue to promote healing and relieve tension on the tendon.
• Debridement: Any additional damaged or inflamed tissue is removed to prevent further irritation and promote a healthy environment for healing.
• Closure: The incision is closed with sutures, and the elbow is immobilized in a splint or cast to protect the repair.

Postoperative Care and Rehabilitation

After surgery, patients typically undergo a rehabilitation program that includes:

• Pain Management: Pain medication and ice are used to manage pain and inflammation in the initial postoperative period.
• Immobilization: The elbow is immobilized in a splint or cast for 1-2 weeks to protect the repair and allow the tendon to heal.
• Physical Therapy: A gradual rehabilitation program is initiated, including exercises to improve range of motion, strength, and function. This typically starts 2-4 weeks after surgery and continues for several months.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, there are potential risks and complications associated with lateral epicondylitis surgical release, including:

• Infection: As with any surgical procedure, there is a risk of infection.
• Nerve Damage: The radial nerve or other surrounding nerves may be at risk of injury during the procedure.
• Recurrence: There is a possibility that symptoms may recur after surgery.
• Scarring: A visible scar will result from the incision.

Outcomes and Prognosis

The outcome of lateral epicondylitis surgical release is generally favorable, with most patients experiencing significant improvement in symptoms and function. However, the success of the procedure depends on various factors, including the severity of the condition, overall health, and adherence to postoperative rehabilitation protocols.