Kissing Disease (Infectious Mononucleosis)

Infectious mononucleosis, also known as glandular fever or the "kissing disease," is a viral infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). It is a common illness that affects millions of people worldwide, particularly adolescents and young adults.

What is Kissing Disease?

Kissing disease is a contagious infection that spreads through saliva, mucus, and other bodily fluids. The virus can be transmitted through:

• Kissing
• Sharing food or drinks
• Coughing or sneezing
• Close contact with an infected person

Symptoms of Kissing Disease

The symptoms of infectious mononucleosis can vary from person to person, but common signs and symptoms include:

• Fever
• Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, armpits, and groin
• Sore throat
• White patches on the tonsils
• Swollen tonsils
• Enlarged spleen
• Fatigue and weakness
• Loss of appetite
• Nausea and vomiting
• Diarrhea or constipation
• Muscle aches and joint pain
• Rash (in some cases)

Treatments for Kissing Disease

While there is no cure for infectious mononucleosis, treatment focuses on relieving symptoms and supporting the body's immune system. Common treatments include:

• Rest and relaxation to help the body recover
• Pain relief medications, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, to reduce fever and alleviate headaches and muscle aches
• Throat lozenges or sprays to soothe a sore throat
• Antibiotics (in some cases) to treat secondary bacterial infections, such as strep throat
• Corticosteroids (in severe cases) to reduce swelling and inflammation in the throat and tonsils
• Adequate hydration to prevent dehydration
• Nutritional support to maintain a healthy diet and prevent weight loss

Complications of Kissing Disease

In rare cases, infectious mononucleosis can lead to complications, such as:

• Splenectomy (removal of the spleen) due to rupture or severe swelling
• Respiratory problems, such as pneumonia or bronchitis
• Neurological problems, such as meningitis or encephalitis
• Anemia or low blood cell counts
• Heart problems, such as myocarditis or pericarditis

Prevention of Kissing Disease

To reduce the risk of contracting infectious mononucleosis:

• Avoid close contact with people who have the infection
• Practice good hygiene, such as washing hands frequently and avoiding sharing food or drinks
• Avoid kissing or sharing utensils with someone who has a sore throat or fever