Keratitis

Keratitis is a medical condition characterized by inflammation of the cornea, which is the clear dome-shaped surface at the front of the eye. It can be caused by a variety of factors, including infections, injuries, and underlying medical conditions.

Causes of Keratitis

• Infections: Bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic infections can cause keratitis. Common culprits include herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, and bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
• Injuries: Trauma to the eye, including scratches or abrasions, can lead to keratitis.
• Underlying medical conditions: Certain conditions, such as dry eye syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, and lupus, can increase the risk of developing keratitis.
• Contact lens use: Improper use or care of contact lenses can increase the risk of keratitis.

Symptoms of Keratitis

• Eye pain or discomfort
• Redness and inflammation of the eye
• Blurred vision
• Sensitivity to light
• Excessive tearing or discharge
• A feeling of something being in the eye

Types of Keratitis

• Superficial keratitis: Affects the outer layer of the cornea.
• Deep keratitis: Affects the deeper layers of the cornea.
• Interstitial keratitis: Affects the middle layer of the cornea.
• Ulcerative keratitis: Characterized by the formation of ulcers on the surface of the cornea.

Treatment and Management of Keratitis

Treatment for keratitis depends on the underlying cause and severity of the condition. Common treatments include:

• Antibiotic or antiviral medications to treat infections
• Pain relief medications
• Anti-inflammatory medications
• Eye drops or ointments to promote healing and reduce discomfort
• In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to repair damage to the cornea.

Complications of Keratitis

If left untreated or poorly managed, keratitis can lead to complications such as:

• Permanent vision loss
• Corneal scarring
• Chronic eye pain and discomfort
• Increased risk of future eye infections

Prevention of Keratitis

To reduce the risk of developing keratitis, it is essential to:

• Practice good hygiene when using contact lenses
• Avoid touching or rubbing the eyes
• Wear protective eyewear when engaging in activities that may pose a risk to the eyes
• Seek medical attention promptly if symptoms of keratitis occur.