Keloid Scar

A keloid scar is a type of raised scar that forms after an injury to the skin has healed. It is characterized by an overgrowth of scar tissue, which can be itchy, painful, and unsightly.

Causes and Risk Factors

Keloid scars are caused by an abnormal healing process, where the body produces too much collagen, a protein that helps to repair damaged skin. This can occur after any type of injury, including cuts, burns, acne, and surgical incisions. Certain factors can increase the risk of developing keloid scars, such as:

• Genetic predisposition
• Darker skin tone
• Younger age
• Pregnancy
• Hormonal changes

Symptoms

Keloid scars can appear anywhere on the body, but are most common on the ears, chest, back, and shoulders. They can be:

• Raised and lumpy
• Red or purple in color
• Itchy or painful
• Larger than the original wound

Treatment Options

Treatment for keloid scars depends on the size, location, and severity of the scar. Common treatment options include:

• Silicone gel or sheeting to flatten the scar
• Corticosteroid injections to reduce inflammation
• Laser therapy to reduce redness and flatten the scar
• Surgery to remove the scar, followed by radiation therapy to prevent recurrence
• Pressure earrings or garments to flatten the scar

Prevention

To prevent keloid scars from forming, it is essential to:

• Keep wounds clean and covered
• Avoid picking at scabs or scratching the wound
• Use sunscreen to protect the skin from further damage
• Avoid tight clothing that can irritate the skin

Complications

If left untreated, keloid scars can lead to complications such as:

• Chronic pain and discomfort
• Emotional distress and self-consciousness
• Infection or skin irritation
• Limited mobility or flexibility

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is a keloid scar?
A raised, thickened scar that forms after skin injury, extending beyond original wound boundaries.

What causes keloid scars?
Exact cause unknown, but likely due to combination of genetic predisposition, skin tension, and abnormal collagen production.

Who is more prone to developing keloid scars?
People with darker skin, family history of keloids, and those under 30 years old may be more susceptible.

Can keloid scars be prevented?
Possibly, by using pressure dressings, silicone gel, or other treatments after injury, but not guaranteed.

Are keloid scars painful?
Sometimes, they can be itchy, tender, or painful, especially if they rub against clothing.

How are keloid scars diagnosed?
Typically through physical examination and medical history, possibly with biopsy to rule out other conditions.

Can keloid scars be treated?
Yes, with various options including topical creams, injections, laser therapy, and surgical removal.

Are keloid scars cancerous?
Generally no, but rare cases may be associated with underlying malignancy, thorough evaluation recommended.

Do keloid scars fade over time?
Possibly, they may shrink or become less noticeable, but often persist to some extent.

Can keloid scars recur after treatment?
Yes, recurrence is common, especially if underlying causes not addressed or incomplete removal.