Iron Infusion

An iron infusion is a medical procedure where iron is administered intravenously to treat iron deficiency anemia. It involves the delivery of iron directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system.

Indications for Iron Infusion

• Iron deficiency anemia that has not responded to oral iron supplements
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding with severe iron deficiency anemia
• Gastrointestinal disorders, such as celiac disease or Crohn's disease, that impair iron absorption
• Chronic kidney disease or dialysis patients with iron deficiency anemia
• Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy that causes iron deficiency anemia

Types of Iron Infusions

• Ferric gluconate (Ferlecit): a type of iron that is bound to gluconate, a naturally occurring substance in the body
• Ferric sucrose (Venofer): a type of iron that is bound to sucrose, a sugar molecule
• Iron dextran (Dexferrum): a type of iron that is bound to dextran, a complex carbohydrate
• Ferumoxytol (Feraheme): a type of iron that is bound to a semi-synthetic ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide particle

Administration of Iron Infusion

The iron infusion is typically administered in a healthcare setting, such as a hospital or clinic. The procedure involves:

• Insertion of an intravenous (IV) line into a vein in the arm
• Administration of the iron solution through the IV line over a period of 15-60 minutes, depending on the type and dose of iron
• Monitoring of vital signs, such as blood pressure and heart rate, during and after the infusion

Risks and Side Effects of Iron Infusion

Common side effects of iron infusion include:

• Nausea and vomiting
• Headache
• Dizziness or lightheadedness
• Flushing or redness of the skin
• Metallic taste in the mouth

Rare but serious side effects include:

• Anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction
• Hypotension, or low blood pressure
• Cardiac arrhythmias, or irregular heartbeats

Benefits of Iron Infusion

The benefits of iron infusion include:

• Rapid improvement in iron levels and red blood cell production
• Relief from symptoms of iron deficiency anemia, such as fatigue and shortness of breath
• Improved quality of life and ability to perform daily activities

Precautions and Contraindications

Iron infusion is contraindicated in patients with:

• Known allergy to iron or any component of the iron solution
• Anemia not caused by iron deficiency
• Hemochromatosis, a genetic disorder that causes excessive iron absorption

Pregnant or breastfeeding women should only receive iron infusion under close medical supervision.