Inhaled Substance or Foreign Object

An inhaled substance or foreign object refers to any material that is breathed into the lungs and becomes lodged in the airways, causing a blockage or obstruction. This can be a life-threatening condition if not treated promptly.

Causes

• Accidental inhalation of food, such as nuts, popcorn kernels, or hot dogs
• Inhalation of small objects, like coins, buttons, or beads
• Breathing in non-food items, including dirt, sand, or small toys
• Intentional inhalation of substances, such as drugs or chemicals

Symptoms

• Coughing or choking
• Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
• Wheezing or stridor (a high-pitched sound while inhaling)
• Chest pain or tightness
• Blue discoloration of the skin (cyanosis) due to lack of oxygen

Diagnosis

Diagnosing an inhaled substance or foreign object typically involves a combination of physical examination, medical history, and imaging tests. These may include:

• Chest X-rays to visualize the lungs and airways
• Computed Tomography (CT) scans for more detailed images
• Bronchoscopy, which involves inserting a flexible tube with a camera into the airways to directly visualize the obstruction

Treatment

Treatment for an inhaled substance or foreign object depends on the severity of the condition and the type of material lodged in the airways. Possible treatments include:

• Back slaps or abdominal thrusts to dislodge the object
• Oxygen therapy to help increase oxygen levels in the blood
• Bronchoscopy to remove the foreign object
• Surgery, in severe cases where other methods are unsuccessful

Prevention

To prevent inhaling substances or foreign objects, it is essential to:

• Supervise children while they eat and play
• Avoid talking or walking while eating
• Keep small objects out of reach of children
• Avoid inhaling non-food items or substances