Impetigo

Impetigo is a highly contagious bacterial skin infection that is commonly seen in children, but can also affect adults. It is characterized by the appearance of red sores on the face, especially around the mouth and nose, which can burst and form light brown crusts.

Causes

Impetigo is caused by two types of bacteria: Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. These bacteria can enter the body through a cut or scratch in the skin, or through contact with an infected person's sores or contaminated items.

Symptoms

The symptoms of impetigo include:

• Red sores on the face, especially around the mouth and nose
• Sores that burst and form light brown crusts
• Itching or burning sensation in the affected area
• Pus-filled blisters or bumps
• Swollen lymph nodes in the neck
• Fever, although this is not always present

Types of Impetigo

There are two types of impetigo:

• Non-bullous impetigo: This type is characterized by the appearance of red sores that burst and form crusts.
• Bullous impetigo: This type is characterized by the appearance of large blisters or bumps filled with pus.

Treatments

The treatment for impetigo usually involves antibiotics, which can be applied topically or taken orally. The goal of treatment is to:

• Clear up the infection
• Prevent the spread of the infection to others
• Reduce the risk of complications, such as scarring or cellulitis

Treatment options include:

• Topical antibiotics: Creams or ointments that are applied directly to the affected area, such as mupirocin or fusidic acid.
• Oral antibiotics: Tablets or capsules that are taken by mouth, such as flucloxacillin or erythromycin.
• Wound care: Keeping the affected area clean and covered to promote healing and prevent the spread of the infection.
• Good hygiene practices: Washing hands regularly, avoiding close contact with others, and avoiding sharing personal items to prevent the spread of the infection.

Prevention

To prevent impetigo, it is essential to practice good hygiene, such as:

• Washing hands regularly
• Avoiding close contact with others who have impetigo
• Avoiding sharing personal items, such as towels or clothing
• Keeping cuts and scratches clean and covered

Complications

If left untreated, impetigo can lead to complications, such as:

• Cellulitis: A bacterial infection of the skin and underlying tissue.
• Eczema: A chronic skin condition characterized by itchy, inflamed skin.
• Scarring: Permanent scarring can occur if the infection is severe or left untreated.