High Temperature (Fever) in Children

A high temperature, also known as fever, is a common symptom in children. It is usually a sign that the body is fighting an infection.

Causes of Fever in Children

• Viral infections such as the common cold, flu, and gastroenteritis
• Bacterial infections such as pneumonia, urinary tract infections, and meningitis
• Immunizations, which can cause a low-grade fever in some children
• Teething, which can cause a mild increase in temperature
• Other medical conditions such as ear infections, tonsillitis, and appendicitis

Symptoms of Fever in Children

• High body temperature, usually above 38°C (100.4°F)
• Flushed face and body
• Sweating
• Shivering or feeling cold
• Loss of appetite
• Irritability or restlessness
• Headache or body aches

How to Measure a Child's Temperature

• Digital thermometer: can be used orally, rectally, or under the arm
• Tympanic thermometer: measures temperature through the ear
• Temporal artery thermometer: measures temperature through the forehead

Treatment of Fever in Children

• Offer plenty of fluids to stay hydrated
• Dress the child in light clothing to help lower their body temperature
• Use a fan or open a window to keep the room cool
• Medications such as acetaminophen (paracetamol) or ibuprofen can be used to reduce fever, but always follow the recommended dosage and consult with a doctor before giving any medication to children under 3 months old

When to Seek Medical Attention

• If the child is under 3 months old and has a fever over 38°C (100.4°F)
• If the child is between 3-6 months old and has a fever over 39°C (102.2°F)
• If the child is over 6 months old and has a fever over 40°C (104°F)
• If the child shows signs of severe illness, such as difficulty breathing, vomiting, or seizures
• If the child has a weakened immune system or underlying medical condition

Prevention of Fever in Children

• Practice good hygiene, such as washing hands regularly and avoiding close contact with people who are sick
• Ensure the child is up-to-date on all recommended vaccinations
• Avoid overcrowding and poor ventilation, which can increase the risk of infection