Gynecology

Gynecology is the branch of medicine that deals with the health of the female reproductive system, which includes the vagina, uterus, ovaries, and breasts.

Subspecialties of Gynecology

• Obstetrics: The care of women during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period.
• Gynecologic Oncology: The diagnosis and treatment of cancers of the female reproductive system.
• Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility: The diagnosis and treatment of hormonal disorders and infertility in women.
• Urogynecology: The diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the female urinary tract and pelvic floor.
• Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology: The care of young girls and adolescents with gynecologic problems.

Gynecologic Procedures

• Pelvic Exam: A routine exam to check the health of the vagina, cervix, uterus, and ovaries.
• Pap Smear: A screening test for cervical cancer.
• Mammogram: A screening test for breast cancer.
• Colposcopy: A procedure to examine the cervix, vagina, and vulva for abnormal cell growth.
• Hysteroscopy: A procedure to examine the inside of the uterus using a flexible tube with a camera and light.
• Laparoscopy: A surgical procedure to examine the pelvic organs using a laparoscope.

Gynecologic Conditions

• Menstrual Disorders: Abnormalities of the menstrual cycle, such as heavy bleeding or irregular periods.
• Pelvic Pain: Chronic pain in the pelvic area, which can be caused by various conditions such as endometriosis or fibroids.
• Urinary Incontinence: The involuntary loss of urine, which can be caused by weakened pelvic muscles or other factors.
• Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A hormonal disorder that affects ovulation and fertility.
• Endometriosis: A condition in which tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside the uterus, causing pain and infertility.

Gynecologic Treatments

• Hormonal Therapies: Medications that regulate hormonal imbalances, such as birth control pills or hormone replacement therapy.
• Surgery: Procedures to treat conditions such as fibroids, endometriosis, or cancer.
• Alternative Therapies: Non-pharmacological approaches, such as acupuncture or herbal supplements, which may be used to manage symptoms or promote overall health.