Glucose Procedure

The glucose procedure, also known as a glucose test or blood sugar test, is a medical test used to measure the level of glucose (sugar) in the blood.

Purpose

The purpose of the glucose procedure is to:

• Diagnose and monitor diabetes mellitus
• Monitor blood sugar levels in people with diabetes
• Screen for gestational diabetes during pregnancy
• Evaluate glucose metabolism in various medical conditions

Types of Glucose Tests

There are several types of glucose tests, including:

• Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test: measures blood glucose levels after an overnight fast
• Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT): measures blood glucose levels after consuming a sugary drink
• Random plasma glucose test: measures blood glucose levels at any time of day
• Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test: measures average blood glucose levels over the past 2-3 months

Procedure

The procedure for a glucose test typically involves:

• Drawing a blood sample from a vein in the arm or fingerstick
• Collecting the blood sample in a tube or container
• Sending the sample to a laboratory for analysis
• Receiving the test results, which are usually reported in milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) or millimoles per liter (mmol/L)

Interpretation of Results

The interpretation of glucose test results depends on the type of test and the individual's medical condition.

• Normal blood glucose levels: typically less than 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) for a fasting plasma glucose test
• Predabetes: 100-125 mg/dL (5.6-6.9 mmol/L) for a fasting plasma glucose test
• Diabetes: 126 mg/dL or higher (7.0 mmol/L or higher) for a fasting plasma glucose test

Risks and Complications

The risks and complications associated with glucose testing are generally minimal, but may include:

• Bleeding or bruising at the needle site
• Infection at the needle site
• Lightheadedness or dizziness due to fasting or blood draw