Flexible Cystoscopy (Male)

A flexible cystoscopy is a medical procedure used to visually examine the inside of the bladder and urethra. In males, this procedure involves inserting a flexible tube with a camera and light on the end through the urethra and into the bladder.

Indications

• Investigation of hematuria (blood in the urine)
• Diagnosis of bladder tumors or cancer
• Examination of the bladder and urethra for stones, strictures, or other abnormalities
• Investigation of urinary tract infections (UTIs) that do not respond to treatment
• Monitoring of bladder conditions such as interstitial cystitis

Preparation

Prior to the procedure, patients may be asked to:

• Avoid eating or drinking for a certain period of time
• Take antibiotics to reduce the risk of infection
• Remove any clothing or jewelry that may interfere with the procedure
• Empty their bladder before the procedure

Procedure

The flexible cystoscopy procedure typically involves the following steps:

1. The patient is positioned on an examination table, usually in a supine or lithotomy position.
2. A local anesthetic gel or injection may be used to numb the urethra and reduce discomfort.
3. The flexible cystoscope is inserted through the urethra and into the bladder.
4. The camera and light on the end of the cystoscope allow the doctor to visualize the inside of the bladder and urethra.
5. The doctor may perform various maneuvers, such as filling the bladder with water or air, to get a better view of the area.
6. Biopsies or other procedures may be performed during the cystoscopy if necessary.

Risks and Complications

As with any medical procedure, there are potential risks and complications associated with flexible cystoscopy, including:

• Infection of the urinary tract
• Bleeding or hematuria
• Discomfort or pain during or after the procedure
• Damage to the urethra or bladder
• Allergic reactions to the anesthetic or other medications used during the procedure

Aftercare

After the procedure, patients may experience:

• Mild discomfort or burning during urination
• Frequency or urgency of urination
• Blood in the urine
• A sensation of needing to urinate frequently

Patients should follow their doctor's instructions for aftercare, which may include:

• Taking antibiotics to reduce the risk of infection
• Drinking plenty of fluids to help flush out the urinary system
• Avoiding strenuous activities or heavy lifting
• Following a specific diet or avoiding certain foods

Results

The results of the flexible cystoscopy will depend on the findings during the procedure. If any abnormalities are detected, further testing or treatment may be necessary.

The doctor will typically discuss the results with the patient and provide recommendations for follow-up care or additional procedures as needed.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is a flexible cystoscopy?
A procedure to visually examine the bladder and urethra using a flexible tube with a camera.

Why is a flexible cystoscopy performed in males?
To diagnose and monitor conditions such as bladder cancer, urinary tract infections, and bladder stones.

How is a flexible cystoscopy typically performed?
Under local anesthesia, a flexible cystoscope is inserted through the urethra into the bladder.

Is a flexible cystoscopy painful?
Generally not, but some discomfort or mild pain may be experienced during or after the procedure.

What are the risks and complications of a flexible cystoscopy?
Infection, bleeding, and urinary retention are possible, though rare, complications.

How long does a flexible cystoscopy take to perform?
Typically around 5-10 minutes, but may vary depending on the individual case.

Can a male return to normal activities after a flexible cystoscopy?
Usually, yes, but may need to avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activities for a short period.

Will a flexible cystoscopy require an overnight hospital stay?
Typically no, it is an outpatient procedure.

Are there any special preparations needed before a flexible cystoscopy?
Possibly, such as emptying the bladder and avoiding certain medications or foods beforehand.

Can the results of a flexible cystoscopy be immediately available?
The procedure itself can provide immediate visual feedback, but further testing may be required for a definitive diagnosis.