Flexible Cystoscopy (Female)

A flexible cystoscopy is a medical procedure used to visually examine the inside of the bladder and urethra. In females, this procedure is performed using a flexible cystoscope, which is a thin, flexible tube with a camera and light on the end.

Indications

• Investigation of hematuria (blood in the urine)
• Diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs) or interstitial cystitis
• Examination of bladder tumors or stones
• Evaluation of urethral strictures or obstruction
• Investigation of recurrent urinary tract symptoms, such as frequency, urgency, or incontinence

Preparation

Prior to the procedure, patients are typically asked to:

• Arrive with a full bladder
• Avoid eating or drinking for a few hours before the procedure
• Remove any clothing or jewelry that may interfere with the procedure
• Provide a urine sample for testing

Procedure

The flexible cystoscopy procedure typically involves the following steps:

1. The patient is positioned on an examination table, usually in a supine or lithotomy position.
2. A local anesthetic gel may be applied to the urethral opening to minimize discomfort.
3. The flexible cystoscope is gently inserted into the urethra and guided into the bladder.
4. Saline solution may be used to fill the bladder, allowing for better visualization of the bladder walls and interior structures.
5. The camera on the end of the cystoscope transmits images to a monitor, allowing the healthcare provider to visualize the inside of the bladder and urethra.
6. Biopsies or other procedures may be performed during the examination if necessary.

Risks and Complications

As with any medical procedure, there are potential risks and complications associated with flexible cystoscopy, including:

• Discomfort or pain during or after the procedure
• Bleeding or hematuria
• Urinary tract infection (UTI)
• Perforation of the bladder or urethra (rare)

Aftercare

Following the procedure, patients may experience:

• Mild discomfort or burning during urination
• Frequency or urgency of urination
• Blood in the urine (hematuria)

Patients are typically advised to:

• Drink plenty of fluids to help flush out the bladder and urethra
• Avoid strenuous activities or heavy lifting for a few hours after the procedure
• Take any prescribed medications as directed