Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with Dilatation

Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) with dilatation is a medical procedure that combines the visualization of the upper gastrointestinal tract with the widening of a narrowed section, typically in the esophagus.

What is Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)?

EGD is an endoscopic procedure where a flexible tube equipped with a camera and light on the end (endoscope) is inserted through the mouth to visually examine the inside of the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum (the first part of the small intestine). This allows for the identification of abnormalities such as ulcers, inflammation, or tumors.

What is Dilatation?

Dilatation refers to the process of widening a narrowed section of the gastrointestinal tract. In the context of EGD with dilatation, this usually involves the esophagus. Narrowing can occur due to various reasons such as scarring from chronic inflammation (stricture), tumors, or other conditions that cause the esophageal lumen to decrease in size, leading to difficulty swallowing.

Procedure Details

The procedure is typically performed under conscious sedation to minimize discomfort. The patient lies on their side, and the endoscope is gently inserted through the mouth into the esophagus. Once the narrowed area is identified, a dilator (a balloon or bougie) is introduced through the endoscope or alongside it. The dilator is then inflated or expanded at the site of narrowing to widen the esophageal lumen.

Purpose and Benefits

The primary purpose of EGD with dilatation is to improve the ability to swallow by widening the narrowed part of the esophagus, thereby relieving symptoms such as dysphagia (difficulty swallowing). It also allows for the collection of tissue samples (biopsy) if needed, during the same procedure.

Risks and Complications

While generally safe, EGD with dilatation carries risks such as perforation of the esophagus, bleeding, and infection. The risk of these complications is low but can be serious if they occur.

Post-Procedure Care

After the procedure, patients are monitored for a period to ensure there are no immediate complications. They may experience some throat discomfort or difficulty swallowing for a short time. Instructions regarding diet and activities are provided to minimize the risk of complications and promote healing.

Conclusion

EGD with dilatation is an effective procedure for diagnosing and treating conditions affecting the upper gastrointestinal tract, particularly for relieving esophageal narrowing. It combines diagnostic capabilities with therapeutic intervention, offering a valuable tool in managing swallowing difficulties and other related symptoms.