Electric Shock

Electric shock occurs when a person comes into contact with an electrical current, causing a disruption to the normal functioning of the body's electrical systems.

Causes

• Contact with live electrical sources, such as exposed wires or faulty appliances
• Lightning strikes
• Electrical accidents in the workplace or at home
• Defective or malfunctioning medical equipment

Symptoms

• Burns, including entry and exit wounds
• Muscle contractions and spasms
• Numbness or tingling sensations
• Weakness or paralysis
• Abnormal heart rhythms, including cardiac arrest
• Respiratory problems, including respiratory arrest
• Neurological symptoms, such as confusion, seizures, or loss of consciousness

Severity Classification

Electric shock can be classified into four categories based on severity:

• Mild: minimal symptoms, no significant injury
• Moderate: visible burns, muscle contractions, and other symptoms that are not life-threatening
• Severe: significant burns, cardiac or respiratory problems, and other life-threatening symptoms
• Near-fatal: severe symptoms, including cardiac arrest, respiratory failure, or other conditions that require immediate medical attention

Treatment

Treatment for electric shock depends on the severity of the injury and may include:

• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if the person is unresponsive or not breathing
• First aid, including cooling burns with cool water and removing clothing and jewelry near the affected area
• Medical attention, including hospitalization and monitoring for cardiac and respiratory problems
• Surgical intervention to repair damaged tissue or organs
• Pain management and wound care

Prevention

To prevent electric shock, it is essential to:

• Avoid contact with live electrical sources
• Use protective equipment, such as gloves and safety glasses, when working with electricity
• Follow safety guidelines and regulations in the workplace and at home
• Regularly inspect and maintain electrical equipment to prevent malfunctions
• Avoid using electrical appliances near water or in areas with high humidity

Complications

Electric shock can lead to various complications, including:

• Cardiac problems, such as arrhythmias or cardiac arrest
• Respiratory problems, such as respiratory failure or pneumonia
• Neurological problems, such as seizures, coma, or permanent brain damage
• Musculoskeletal problems, such as muscle weakness or paralysis
• Infections and sepsis from burns or other injuries