Dilation and Curettage (D&C)

A dilation and curettage, also known as a D&C, is a surgical procedure that involves dilating the cervix to remove tissue from inside the uterus. The procedure is typically performed by a gynecologist or other qualified medical professional.

Reasons for the Procedure

• Abnormal uterine bleeding: A D&C may be performed to diagnose and treat abnormal uterine bleeding, such as heavy or prolonged menstrual periods.
• Miscarriage: A D&C may be performed after a miscarriage to remove any remaining tissue from the uterus.
• Abortion: A D&C may be performed as a method of abortion in early pregnancy.
• Diagnosis: A D&C may be performed to collect tissue samples for diagnostic purposes, such as to check for cancer or other abnormalities.

The Procedure

The procedure typically involves the following steps:

1. The patient is given anesthesia to minimize discomfort and pain during the procedure.
2. The cervix is dilated using a series of dilators or a medication that helps to soften and open the cervix.
3. A curette, which is a long, thin instrument with a scoop-like end, is inserted through the cervix and into the uterus.
4. The curette is used to gently scrape away tissue from the lining of the uterus.
5. The tissue is then removed from the uterus and sent to a laboratory for examination.

Risks and Complications

As with any surgical procedure, there are risks and complications associated with a D&C. These may include:

• Infection: There is a risk of infection with any invasive medical procedure.
• Bleeding: There may be bleeding or spotting after the procedure, which can be heavy in some cases.
• Perforation: There is a small risk that the uterus could be perforated during the procedure, which can lead to further complications.
• Asherman's syndrome: This is a rare condition where scar tissue forms in the uterus after a D&C, which can lead to infertility and other complications.

Aftercare

After a D&C, patients are typically advised to:

• Rest for several hours after the procedure.
• Avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activity for several days.
• Avoid sexual intercourse for several weeks.
• Take pain medication as directed by their healthcare provider.

Recovery Time

The recovery time after a D&C can vary depending on the individual and the reason for the procedure. Most women are able to return to their normal activities within a few days, although some may need to take it easy for several weeks.