DHEA-S Test

The DHEA-S (Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) test is a blood test used to measure the levels of DHEA-S in the body.

What is DHEA-S?

DHEA-S is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, which are located on top of the kidneys. It is a sulfated version of the hormone dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and is the most abundant steroid hormone in the human body.

Purpose of the Test

The DHEA-S test is used to:

• Diagnose and monitor adrenal gland disorders, such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia or adrenal tumors.
• Evaluate hormone imbalances in women with symptoms such as excess hair growth, acne, or irregular menstrual periods.
• Assess the function of the adrenal glands in people with suspected adrenal insufficiency or Addison's disease.

How the Test is Performed

A blood sample is drawn from a vein in the arm and sent to a laboratory for analysis. The test measures the level of DHEA-S in the blood, which is typically reported in units of micrograms per deciliter (μg/dL) or nanomoles per liter (nmol/L).

Normal Values

Normal values for DHEA-S vary depending on age, sex, and laboratory methods. Typical reference ranges are:

• Adult men: 50-430 μg/dL (1.3-11.6 μmol/L)
• Adult women: 30-340 μg/dL (0.8-9.2 μmol/L)

Abnormal Results

Abnormal results may indicate:

• Adrenal gland disorders, such as Cushing's syndrome or adrenal insufficiency.
• Hormone imbalances, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in women.
• Tumors or cancers affecting the adrenal glands.

Limitations and Considerations

The DHEA-S test has some limitations and considerations:

• DHEA-S levels can fluctuate throughout the day, so a single measurement may not accurately reflect the body's overall hormone production.
• Certain medications, such as corticosteroids, can affect DHEA-S levels.
• The test is not typically used to diagnose or monitor conditions such as menopause or andropause.