Deviated Septum

A deviated septum is a condition where the thin wall of cartilage and bone that separates the two sides of the nasal passages, known as the nasal septum, is displaced or crooked. This can cause one side of the nose to be smaller than the other, leading to breathing difficulties and other respiratory problems.

Symptoms

• Nasal congestion or difficulty breathing through one or both nostrils
• Noisy breathing during sleep
• Nosebleeds
• Facial pain or pressure
• Postnasal drip (a sensation of mucus running down the back of the throat)
• Loss of smell
• Sinus infections or sinusitis
• Ear fullness or hearing difficulties

Causes

A deviated septum can be caused by:

• Genetic factors, where the condition is present at birth
• Injury to the nose, such as a broken nose or a blow to the face
• Growth abnormalities during development
• Aging, which can cause the nasal septum to deviate over time

Treatments

Treatment for a deviated septum depends on the severity of the condition and the symptoms experienced. The following treatments may be recommended:

• Nasal decongestants: to reduce nasal congestion and improve breathing
• Nasal saline irrigations: to moisturize the nasal passages and promote drainage
• Nasal strips: adhesive strips that can be applied to the nose to help open up the nasal passages
• Surgery (septoplasty): a surgical procedure to correct the deviated septum and improve breathing. This is usually recommended for more severe cases.
• Turbinate reduction: a surgical procedure to reduce the size of the turbinate bones in the nose, which can help improve breathing

Surgical Procedure (Septoplasty)

Septoplasty is usually performed under general anesthesia or local anesthesia with sedation. The procedure involves:

• Incisions made in the nasal septum to access the deviated area
• Removal of any damaged or excess tissue
• Repositioning of the nasal septum to its normal position
• Closure of the incisions with sutures or stitches

Post-Operative Care

After septoplasty, patients may experience:

• Nasal congestion and swelling
• Bleeding or discharge from the nose
• Pain or discomfort, which can be managed with pain medication
• A feeling of stuffiness or blockage in the nose, which usually resolves within a few weeks

It is essential to follow post-operative instructions provided by the surgeon to ensure proper healing and minimize complications.