Cystoscopy

A cystoscopy is a medical procedure that allows a doctor to look inside the bladder and urethra using a specialized instrument called a cystoscope.

What is a Cystoscope?

A cystoscope is a thin, flexible or rigid tube with a camera and light on the end. It is inserted through the urethra and into the bladder, allowing the doctor to visualize the inside of the bladder and urethra.

Purpose of Cystoscopy

The purpose of a cystoscopy is to:

• Diagnose problems with the bladder or urethra, such as bladder cancer, kidney stones, or urinary tract infections
• Remove small growths or tumors from the bladder
• Take tissue samples for biopsy
• Treat certain conditions, such as bleeding from the bladder or urethra

Types of Cystoscopy

There are two types of cystoscopy:

• Flexible cystoscopy: This type of cystoscopy uses a flexible cystoscope, which is more comfortable for the patient and can be performed in a doctor's office.
• Rigid cystoscopy: This type of cystoscopy uses a rigid cystoscope, which provides a clearer view of the bladder and urethra. It is usually performed in an operating room under general anesthesia.

Preparation for Cystoscopy

To prepare for a cystoscopy, patients may be asked to:

• Avoid eating or drinking for a certain period before the procedure
• Take antibiotics to prevent infection
• Remove any jewelry or clothing that may interfere with the procedure

Risks and Complications of Cystoscopy

As with any medical procedure, there are risks and complications associated with cystoscopy, including:

• Infection
• Bleeding or hemorrhage
• Damage to the bladder or urethra
• Allergic reaction to the anesthesia or other medications used during the procedure

After the Procedure

After a cystoscopy, patients may experience:

• Mild discomfort or pain in the bladder or urethra
• Blood in the urine
• Frequent or painful urination

These symptoms usually resolve on their own within a few days. Patients should follow their doctor's instructions for post-procedure care and attend any scheduled follow-up appointments.