Clavicle Fracture

A clavicle fracture, also known as a broken collarbone, is a break or crack in the clavicle bone, which is located between the shoulder and the chest.

Causes

Clavicle fractures are typically caused by:

• Falls onto the shoulder or outstretched hand
• Direct blows to the clavicle, such as from a car accident or sports injury
• Birth trauma, which can cause clavicle fractures in newborns

Symptoms

Common symptoms of a clavicle fracture include:

• Pain and tenderness over the clavicle
• Swelling and bruising over the affected area
• Difficulty moving the arm or shoulder
• A bump or deformity over the break
• Crepitus, a grating sensation when the bone fragments rub together

Types of Clavicle Fractures

Clavicle fractures can be classified into several types, including:

• Non-displaced fracture: The bone is cracked but still in place
• Displaced fracture: The bone is broken into two or more pieces that are out of place
• Comminuted fracture: The bone is broken into three or more pieces
• Greenstick fracture: A partial break, where one side of the bone is bent but not completely broken

Treatment

Treatment for a clavicle fracture typically involves:

• Pain management with medication
• Immobilization in a sling or figure-eight bandage to keep the arm and shoulder still
• Physical therapy to maintain range of motion and strength
• Surgery, which may be necessary for more complex fractures or those that are not healing properly

Complications

Possible complications of a clavicle fracture include:

• Nerve damage, which can cause numbness, tingling, or weakness in the arm or hand
• Blood vessel damage, which can lead to bleeding or circulatory problems
• Nonunion, where the bone does not heal properly
• Malunion, where the bone heals in an abnormal position

Recovery

The recovery time for a clavicle fracture can vary depending on the severity of the injury and the effectiveness of treatment. Generally:

• Mild fractures may heal within 6-8 weeks
• More complex fractures may take 12-16 weeks or longer to heal
• Full recovery, including return to normal activities and sports, can take several months

Prevention

To reduce the risk of a clavicle fracture:

• Wear protective gear, such as shoulder pads, when participating in contact sports
• Avoid falls by using handrails and taking other safety precautions
• Maintain good bone health through a balanced diet and regular exercise

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is a clavicle fracture?
A break in the collarbone, which is one of the main bones that connect the arm to the body.

What are the common causes of clavicle fractures?
Falls, sports injuries, and car accidents are typically associated with this type of injury.

What are the symptoms of a clavicle fracture?
Pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty moving the arm are commonly reported symptoms.

How is a clavicle fracture diagnosed?
Diagnosis is usually made through physical examination and X-rays.

What are the treatment options for a clavicle fracture?
Treatment may include immobilization with a sling, pain management, and in some cases, surgery.

Can a clavicle fracture heal on its own?
Most clavicle fractures can heal without surgery, but this depends on the severity of the break.

How long does it take for a clavicle fracture to heal?
Healing time typically ranges from 6 to 12 weeks, depending on the individual and the severity of the injury.

Are there any potential complications of a clavicle fracture?
Possible complications include nerve damage, blood vessel damage, and improper healing of the bone.

Can physical therapy help with recovery from a clavicle fracture?
Physical therapy can aid in regaining strength and range of motion after the bone has healed.

When can normal activities be resumed after a clavicle fracture?
Return to normal activities, including sports, is usually possible after the bone has fully healed, typically within several months.