Candidiasis (Vaginal)

Candidiasis, also known as vaginal yeast infection, is a type of fungal infection that affects the vagina and surrounding areas. It is caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida, which is normally present in small amounts in the vagina.

What is Candidiasis (Vaginal)?

Candidiasis is a common condition that occurs when there is an imbalance in the natural bacteria and yeast that inhabit the vagina. This imbalance can be triggered by various factors, including hormonal changes, antibiotic use, diabetes, and weakened immune systems.

Symptoms of Candidiasis (Vaginal)

The symptoms of candidiasis (vaginal) may include:

• Itching or burning sensation in the vagina and surrounding areas
• Redness and swelling of the vulva and vagina
• Thick, white, cottage cheese-like discharge that may have a strong odor
• Painful urination or intercourse
• Burning sensation during sex
• Abnormal vaginal bleeding or spotting

Treatments for Candidiasis (Vaginal)

The treatment for candidiasis (vaginal) depends on the severity of the infection and may include:

• Antifungal medications: Over-the-counter or prescription antifungal creams, suppositories, or tablets that are inserted into the vagina to kill the fungus.
• Topical azole antifungals: Medications such as clotrimazole (Gyne-Lotrimin) or miconazole (Monistat) that are applied directly to the affected area.
• Oral antifungal medications: Prescription medications such as fluconazole (Diflucan) that are taken orally to treat more severe infections.
• Boric acid suppositories: A natural antifungal and antiseptic that can be used to treat candidiasis.
• Probiotics: Live bacteria and yeasts that are similar to the beneficial microorganisms found in the body, which can help restore the natural balance of the vagina.

Prevention and Self-Care

To prevent candidiasis (vaginal) and promote self-care:

• Practice good hygiene: Wear breathable clothing, change underwear regularly, and avoid scented soaps or douches.
• Avoid antibiotics and steroids unless necessary.
• Maintain a healthy diet: Eat foods rich in probiotics, such as yogurt or kefir, to support the growth of beneficial bacteria.
• Manage stress: Engage in stress-reducing activities, such as meditation or yoga, to help maintain a healthy immune system.

Complications and Risks

If left untreated, candidiasis (vaginal) can lead to complications such as:

• Recurring infections: Candidiasis can recur if the underlying cause is not addressed.
• Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): A bacterial infection that can spread to the uterus and fallopian tubes.
• Increased risk of HIV transmission: Candidiasis can increase the risk of transmitting or acquiring HIV.

When to Seek Medical Attention

Seek medical attention if:

• Symptoms persist or worsen despite treatment.
• You experience severe pain, fever, or difficulty urinating.
• You have a weakened immune system or are taking immunosuppressive medications.
• You are pregnant or suspect you may be pregnant.