Candidal Balanitis

Candidal balanitis is a type of fungal infection that affects the glans penis and the foreskin in men. It is caused by the fungus Candida albicans, which is normally found on the skin and mucous membranes.

Causes and Risk Factors

Candidal balanitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

• Poor hygiene
• Diet high in sugar and refined carbohydrates
• Antibiotic use
• Weakened immune system
• Tight or occlusive clothing
• Diabetes
• Obesity

Symptoms

The symptoms of candidal balanitis may include:

• Redness and inflammation of the glans penis and foreskin
• Itching, burning, or stinging sensation
• White, cheesy discharge
• Unpleasant odor
• Painful urination or intercourse

Diagnosis

Candidal balanitis is typically diagnosed based on a physical examination and medical history. A healthcare provider may also perform the following tests:

• KOH (potassium hydroxide) preparation to examine for fungal elements
• Fungal culture to confirm the presence of Candida albicans

Treatment

The treatment for candidal balanitis typically involves:

• Topical antifungal creams or ointments, such as clotrimazole or miconazole
• Oral antifungal medications, such as fluconazole, in severe cases
• Improving hygiene and avoiding tight clothing
• Managing underlying medical conditions, such as diabetes

Prevention

To prevent candidal balanitis, men can take the following steps:

• Practice good hygiene, including washing the genital area with soap and water
• Avoid using harsh or perfumed soaps
• Wear loose-fitting clothing
• Avoid sharing personal care items
• Manage underlying medical conditions

Complications

If left untreated, candidal balanitis can lead to complications such as:

• Chronic inflammation and scarring
• Balanoposthitis (inflammation of the glans penis and foreskin)
• Urinary tract infections
• Sexually transmitted infections