Broken Blood Vessel in Eye (Subconjunctival Hemorrhage)

A broken blood vessel in the eye, also known as a subconjunctival hemorrhage, occurs when a small blood vessel breaks beneath the clear surface of the eye (conjunctiva). This condition is characterized by a bright red patch on the white part of the eye.

Causes

The causes of a broken blood vessel in the eye include:

• Coughing or sneezing violently
• Lifting heavy objects
• Straining during bowel movements
• Vomiting
• High blood pressure
• Bleeding disorders, such as hemophilia
• Trauma to the eye
• Aging, which can cause blood vessels to become more fragile

Symptoms

The symptoms of a broken blood vessel in the eye include:

• A bright red patch on the white part of the eye
• No pain or vision changes, although some people may experience mild discomfort or a feeling of grittiness in the eye
• The condition usually affects one eye at a time

Diagnosis

A broken blood vessel in the eye is typically diagnosed through a physical examination by an eye care professional. The doctor will examine the eye and take a complete medical history to determine the cause of the hemorrhage.

Treatment

In most cases, a broken blood vessel in the eye does not require treatment and will resolve on its own within 1-3 weeks. However, if the condition is caused by an underlying medical condition, such as high blood pressure or a bleeding disorder, treatment for that condition may be necessary.

Over-the-counter artificial tears can help relieve any discomfort or dryness in the eye. It is essential to avoid rubbing the affected eye and to follow proper hygiene to prevent infection.

Complications

Rarely, a broken blood vessel in the eye can lead to complications, such as:

• Infection, which can be treated with antibiotics
• Recurrent hemorrhages, which may indicate an underlying medical condition that requires treatment

Prevention

To reduce the risk of a broken blood vessel in the eye:

• Manage high blood pressure and other underlying medical conditions
• Avoid heavy lifting, straining, or bending
• Get regular eye exams to monitor eye health