Breast Cancer Chemotherapy

Breast cancer chemotherapy refers to the use of chemical substances, known as chemotherapeutic agents, to treat breast cancer. The primary goal of chemotherapy is to kill or slow the growth of cancer cells.

Types of Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer

• Adjuvant chemotherapy: Given after surgery to reduce the risk of cancer recurrence by killing any remaining cancer cells in the body.
• Neoadjuvant chemotherapy: Administered before surgery to shrink tumors, making them easier to remove.
• Palliative chemotherapy: Used to relieve symptoms and improve quality of life for patients with advanced breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body.

Chemotherapeutic Agents Used in Breast Cancer Treatment

• Anthracyclines (e.g., doxorubicin, epirubicin)
• Taxanes (e.g., paclitaxel, docetaxel)
• Antimetabolites (e.g., capecitabine, fluorouracil)
• Platinum-based agents (e.g., carboplatin, cisplatin)

Administration of Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy can be administered through various routes, including:

• Intravenous (IV) infusion: Chemotherapy is delivered directly into a vein.
• Oral medication: Chemotherapy is taken in pill or liquid form.
• Intra-arterial injection: Chemotherapy is injected directly into an artery that supplies blood to the tumor.

Side Effects of Breast Cancer Chemotherapy

Common side effects of breast cancer chemotherapy include:

• Hair loss (alopecia)
• Nausea and vomiting
• Fatigue
• Increased risk of infection
• Anemia
• Neutropenia (low white blood cell count)
• Mouth sores (mucositis)
• Nerve damage (peripheral neuropathy)

Duration and Frequency of Chemotherapy Sessions

The duration and frequency of chemotherapy sessions vary depending on the individual's treatment plan, which is typically determined by their oncologist. Treatment plans may involve:

• A series of cycles, with each cycle consisting of a treatment period followed by a rest period.
• Chemotherapy administered every 2-4 weeks, with the number of cycles ranging from 3-6 or more.